Category: Environment

  • Things you need to know about Ostrich, the largest bird

    In the vast tapestry of the animal kingdom, few creatures boast the unique blend of features that define the ostrich. This magnificent flightless bird, the largest on Earth, has captured the imagination of humans for millennia with its extraordinary characteristics and behaviors. From its sprinting prowess to its enigmatic mating rituals, and even its peculiar choice of attire, the Ostrich is a captivating marvel of nature.

    One of the most astonishing traits of the Ostrich is its remarkable speed. These birds are the Usain Bolts of the avian world, sprinting at astonishing speeds of over 70 kilometers per hour.

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    Imagine a creature with the size of a small car racing across the savannah at such a breakneck pace. A single stride can cover up to 5 meters, thanks to their unique two-toed feet that resemble hooves. Their rapid legs, however, are not just for running; they can also serve as formidable weapons against potential threats.

    Ostriches are not just showstoppers when it comes to their physical attributes and behaviors; they also lay claim to the title of having the largest bird eggs globally. These colossal eggs measure 15 centimeters long and can weigh as much as two dozen chicken eggs, despite being the smallest relative to the adult bird’s size. The dominant female incubates the eggs during the day, while the male takes the night shift. Their distinct coloring helps them evade potential threats and predators during incubation.

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    Ostriches in Human Culture ,fascination with ostriches extends deep into human history. These incredible birds have inspired cultures and civilizations for over 5,000 years, with mentions in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt. Today, in some African countries, people race on the backs of Ostriches, showcasing the unique bond between humans and these magnificent creatures.

    Ostriches have the fastest land speed of any bird.The strength of these birds has enabled it to be part of things that bring joy to human beings as it attracts a lot of tourism and is used for racing
    Ostrich Racing is a sport where people race each other on the backs of ostriches. They can also be ridden similarly as horses with wagons, special saddles, reins and bits. This contest is said to be harder to manage than horses.

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    While the ostrich may not be known for its aerial abilities, its wings serve a multitude of purposes. These large wings, with a wingspan of approximately 2 meters, are used in various aspects of their lives. They come into play during mesmerizing mating displays, as shade for their chicks, for heat conservation, and even as “rudders” to help them navigate while running at astonishing speeds.

    Ostrich Racing is common in South Africa and in the United States particularly in Chandler, Arizona. In Jacksonville, Florida, an ostrich farm was opened as a tourist attraction in 1892 and became one of the most visited and known attractions in the state. Ostrich racing also takes place in Virginia City in Nevada, Fairgrounds in New Orleans, Canterbury Park in Minnesota, Ellis Park in Kentucky and Prairie Meadows in Iowa.

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    Before the race starts, ostrich jockeys stretch and examine the birds in their pens which is similar to a horse race pen. Jockeys only wear helmets as their protective gear. It’s not uncommon for some of the riders to topple to the ground together with their wagon or if the bird gets too uncomfortable that it tries to wiggle its way out of the jockey’s grip.

    Ostriches are not just fast; they are also experts in the art of romance which is named Dance of Love. Their mating ritual is a complex and mesmerizing affair. The male Ostrich, or cock, entices a mate with alternating wing beats. Once paired, they embark on a synchronized dance. The cock flaps its wings, pokes the ground with its bill, and spirals its head in excitement. The hen, in response, runs circles around him, ultimately leading to the moment of copulation. This intricate dance is a testament to nature’s artistry.

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    And when it comes to its Survival Myths and Realities Contrary to popular belief, ostriches do not bury their heads in the sand when danger approaches. This myth likely stems from their defensive strategy of lying low and pressing their long necks to the ground, blending seamlessly with their sandy surroundings. It’s a testament to their ability to adapt to their environment and remain elusive.

    Sadly, the wild ostrich population has seen a drastic decline in the last two centuries. Most of these captivating birds now find refuge in game parks or on farms, where they are sometimes raised for their decorative feathers, meat, and leather products. Conservation efforts are crucial to ensure their survival in the wild.

  • ABCG, Society for Conservation Biology in Africa partnership injects fresh energy for biodiversity protection

    The MoU outlines their joint commitment to address threats to biodiversity, including climate change, food production systems, poverty, and weak governance. Both parties pledge to cooperate and collaborate to advance these goals and support African State Parties in negotiating and implementing a successful post-2020 global biodiversity framework.

    The announcement was made during the Society for Conservation Biology’s (SCB) 31st International Congress for Conservation Biology (ICCB 2023) taking place in Kigali, Rwanda, July 23-27, 2023. The theme of the Congress: ‘The Future is Now: Sustaining Biodiversity for Today and Tomorrow’, reiterates and reinforces the urgency of collective action in protecting our natural resources.

    The congress is the premier global meeting for conservation scientists and professionals, including researchers, students, agency personnel, environmental educators, practitioners, and other conservation stakeholders to address conservation challenges and present new research in conservation science and practice.

    The Africa Biodiversity Collaborative Group (ABCG) is a multi-institutional association that brings together cross-sectoral expertise to achieve greater impact than any one individual organization.

    Speaking at the event, ABCG Director Rubina James lauded the partnership terming it a milestone for conservationists in the region as the collaboration will benefit its members through sharing of information and access to technical and scientific data, advancing the development implementation of conservation programs, advocacy and influencing activities that enhance achievement of sustainable development and transformative policy shifts, among other benefits.

    “By accessing the wide-ranging expertise and extensive networks of ABCG members throughout sub-Saharan Africa, ABCG is in a unique position to address critical conservation issues by developing, testing, and promoting innovative conservation approaches,” she noted.

    The Society for Conservation Biology is a global community of conservation professionals, students and non-profits dedicated to advancing the science and practice of conserving biodiversity. This new collaboration will support to mobilize assistance, resources, and strategic support for the purpose of strengthening SCBA’s capacity.

    “We are excited as SCBA to collaborate with ABCG in advocacy and influencing activities that enhance our shared vision on conservation and work towards transformative policy shifts at government and the continent’s leadership levels. With our collective efforts as scientists and conservationists we can make big strides in the conservation of our planet,” Badru Mugerwa, President of the SCBA

    The 31st ICCB conference provides a platform for sharing latest science and insights in biodiversity conservations with topics in genetics, ecology, biogeography, anthropology, history, psychology, economics, conservation marketing, and religion.

    ABCG will present findings on a study titled, ‘Assessing Community Responses to Climate Change and Impacts on Biodiversity: A 3-year study in sub-Saharan Africa’. The study highlights the importance of understanding the interplay between climate change coping strategies and their potential impact on biodiversity, providing valuable insights for developing nature-based actions to improve the resilience of people and nature to climate change.

    The consortium will also share their progress in engaging stakeholders to develop and mainstream land use planning in Africa towards climate-smart sustainable development.

    About ABCG

    ABCG is a coalition of seven international conservation non-governmental organizations (NGOs) with field-based programming in sub-Saharan Africa: African Wildlife Foundation (AWF), Conservation International (CI), the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI), The Nature Conservancy (TNC), Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS), World Resources Institute (WRI), and World Wildlife Fund (WWF).

    About SCBA

    The Society for Conservation Biology is global community of conservation professionals, students and non-profits dedicated to advancing the science and practice of conserving biodiversity.

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  • FSD Africa Investments backs Africa Climate Ventures with £1 million

    ACV will catalyse the carbon asset class in Africa by building innovative businesses focused on solving our generation’s greatest challenge and at the same time capturing a significant share of global carbon markets in Africa.

    The venture represents a series of “firsts” in Africa: from its entirely Africa-based founder team and its permanent capital structure based in Kigali International Financial Centre, to its exclusive focus on carbon mitigation, capture and removal, the continent’s fastest evolving sector.

    ACV represents a historic evolution in Africa’s carbon ecosystem and will contribute directly to capital mobilisation in climate action. Indeed, by 2030 ACV aims to eliminate one million tonnes of carbon every year while improving the lives of 50 million Africans and creating at least 5,000 jobs on the continent.

    The venture builder features a peerless bench of experienced Africa-based founders with a record of pioneering innovation on the continent and championing disruptive enterprises.

    James Mwangi is a 2022 Climate Breakthrough Award Winner and the founder of the Climate Action Platform for Africa, a non-profit organization that aims to help Africa achieve broad-based economic growth through climate action leadership.

    Mwangi is best known as a co-founder of Dalberg Advisors, the firm’s first elected Global Managing Partner and then Dalberg Group’s Executive Director. Mohamed Cassim is a South African investor best known as an angel investor, the Chair of MFS Africa Board, and the Founder of Abacus Advisory. CJ Fonzi was also a Partner at Dalberg Advisors, with the firm for over a decade. He served as the Group Director of Innovation and then founded Dalberg’s Rwanda business in 2017.

    This team is working to build a portfolio of climate positive businesses across Africa, with the ultimate aim of launching and scaling 15 ventures in the next four years. ACV is seeking to build this portfolio by investing to bring proven global climate technology to Africa, accelerate and de-risk the continental expansion of technologies and business models that have gained traction in one or a few African market(s), and add carbon revenue streams to existing African businesses with the potential to scale climate positive solutions.

    ACV has adopted a structure more in-line with a global north venture studio in which the vehicle is structured as a permanent capital vehicle which sells equity rather than securing fund management mandates. This has allowed ACV to begin building ventures in parallel with fund raising, which the founders believe is paramount given the urgency of climate change, and the need for Africa to quickly establish itself as part of the solution.

    There are already two ventures in the portfolio: KOKO Networks Rwanda, a co-venture between ACV and KOKO Networks which already provides sustainable bioethanol cooking fuel to over 900,000 Kenyan families and aims to reach a million Rwandan families by 2027, and Great Carbon Valley, a Kenya based developer of direct-use clean energy applications currently focused on developing a direct air capture and permanent carbon storage site in Kenya.

    ACV’s pipeline of further opportunities demonstrates the breadth and versatility of the venture builder. They range from biochar and enhanced rock weathering technologies, to biodigester and e-mobility businesses, to harvesting carbon revenue for green growth across the portfolio of a well-established continental private equity fund. These are businesses and technologies which have the capacity to transform African economies and make a meaningful difference in climate change but they require risk capital and hands on venture builders to scale, attract further investment, and reach their potential.

    FSDAi’s investment in ACV takes the form of a convertible loan of £1 million to support the venture builder’s formalisation and build additional ventures as demonstrations to attract investment from larger funds. On top of this investment, FSD Africa will provide £75,000 in grant funding to support the development of premium carbon credits and the marketing of portfolio and pipeline companies. Moving forward, FSDAi has secured the right to invest up to £8 million in ACV’s planned 2024 close.

    FSDAi is the investment arm of specialist financial development agency FSD Africa which receives funding from the UK government and provides tools and resources to drive large-scale change in financial markets and support sustainable economic development. ACV is the latest in a series of investments by FSDAi in innovative green investment vehicles including Persistent Energy, a leader and pioneer investor in the off-grid energy and e-mobility sectors in Sub-Saharan Africa, and Nithio, which invests in renewable off-grid energy.

    FSDAi has committed to support ACV on the basis that its activities will actively contribute to Africa’s transition to net-zero, the promotion and acceleration of the continent’s green sector, and the creation of quality, skilled jobs (around 600 will be created via this initial £1 million investment) in a strategically vital sector. Ultimately, FSD Africa believes that ACV can help the continent’s businesses participate in global carbon markets and capitalise on the continent’s unrivalled capacity for profitable climate-smart businesses. Moreover, FSDAi’s investment aligns with the emerging priorities of African policymakers who will gather in Kenya in September at the Africa Climate Summit to co-ordinate a unified, collective pan-African approach to the discussions at the next COP in Dubai.

    Commenting on the development; Anne-Marie Chidzero, CIO of FSD Africa Investments, said: “In backing the ACV partners, FSDAi sees a tremendous opportunity to galvanise global investment and finance to promote Africa’s status as the pre-eminent climate investment destination.’’

    James Mwangi, CEO of Africa Climate Ventures, said: “We are thrilled that FSDAi has joined us in building ACV. The involvement of FSDAi has already been invaluable in refining the ACV model. As we work towards ambitious objectives, we believe FSDAi will be a key partner in ensuring our success.”

    Rachel Turner, Director, International Finance, Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office, said: “We are excited to be supporting this enterprising partnership between FSD Africa and ACV. The need to mobilise climate finance for Africa has never been greater, and this can’t happen without innovations that can build the pipeline of opportunities to absorb and deploy capital into productive, sustainable and inclusive uses. Tapping into the developing carbon market ecosystem represents a significant opportunity for Africa to raise capital at affordable terms whilst contributing directly to the climate challenge. This partnership with an impressive African team is pioneering in its approach.”

    About FSD Africa Investments

    FSD Africa Investments (FSDAi) is the investing arm of FSD Africa, a UK International Development funded regional programme operating in more than 30 countries from its Kenya base, to make finance work for Africa’s future. While FSD Africa supports market development through advocacy, thought leadership, and capacity support, FSDAi makes investments in support of these policy objectives in novel financial instruments, facilities and intermediaries that can accelerate the role of finance in Africa’s green economic growth. As a private company limited by shares, FSDAi’s shareholders include both FSD Africa and the UK’s Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO).

    FSDAi uses a range of equity, debt and guarantee-like investment instruments specifically designed to accommodate early-stage commercial risk, drive high market development impact, and generate acceptable risk-adjusted financial returns on investment. Across its portfolio it has invested alongside private capital strengthening Africa’s financial systems to deliver better-quality jobs and economic opportunities, equitable access to basic services, reduction of human vulnerability and inequity, and environmental benefits.

    With a mandate to take significant investment risk, FSDAi fills an important funding gap by assuming the commercial risk of novel financial solutions that neither development finance institutions nor private investors are prepared to take. In this way, FSDAi assumes the investment risk necessary to drive structural change in Africa’s financial markets.

    One of energy efficient cooking stoves distributed among Rwandans to contribute to the reduction of emissions.

  • Rwanda marks biodiversity day with a call to reconnect with nature

    The event, organized by the Ministry of Environment in Rwanda’s capital of Kigali, featured discussions about the implementation of the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework adopted by countries last December as part of efforts to halt and reverse nature loss.

    Speaking at the event, Rwandan Minister of Environment Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya said the country’s development agenda recognizes the central role that biodiversity plays in terms of supporting national economic growth. “We cannot develop our nation unless we put the environment at the heart of everything we do.”

    The minister warned against cutting down trees. “We need to reverse this trend, and educate future generations to understand the importance of biodiversity in everything we do for a brighter future,” she said.

    The Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) highlighted that Rwanda’s biodiversity plays a critical role in ecosystem services such as ensuring water provision, air for breathing, controlling soil erosion and flooding, as well as climate change mitigation.

    “Biodiversity is part of our lives. Growing up, I was surrounded by nature and this helped build my passion for protecting the environment and understand the importance of biodiversity. I encourage us all to reconnect with nature and prioritize biodiversity,” Juliet Kabera, director general of REMA, told an audience of stakeholders of Rwanda’s climate, environment and natural resources sectors.

    The International Day for Biological Diversity is celebrated this year under the theme “From agreement to action: Build Back Biodiversity” to remind nations that biodiversity is essential to ecosystem function and services delivery.

    Beautiful landscape view at Nyandungu Urban Wetland Eco-Tourism Park.Nyandungu eco-park is home to different bird species.

  • Commonwealth countries convene to drive forward clean energy agenda

    Next week, the 3rd Commonwealth Sustainable Energy Forum will bring together senior government officials, private sector actors, industry experts and youth delegates. They will review energy transition progress in the Commonwealth and discuss ways to achieve ambitious goals with action on the ground.

    Energy access is essential for sustainable development, with nearly 774 million people across the world still without access to electricity. More than half of them live in Commonwealth countries.

    Globally, nations are working to pivot towards low-carbon energy systems, in response to climate change, energy security needs and the falling cost of renewable energy technologies.

    Commonwealth Secretary-General, Patricia Scotland, highlighted the importance of the upcoming discussions, stating that Commonwealth countries are working together to fast-track an inclusive, just, and equitable transition to low-carbon energy systems through the Commonwealth Sustainable Energy Transition (CSET) Agenda.

    “While the transition pathways may differ, the move to clean energy systems is a common goal, and all member countries recognise of the nexus between climate change, energy access and sustainable development,” she said.

    A number of milestones and new initiatives will be announced at the event. These will be implemented under the CSET Agenda – a platform for all member countries to work together to accelerate the global transition to clean energy through collective action, knowledge sharing and technical support.

    The Sustainable Energy Forum is also seen as an opportunity to discuss the road to the United Nations Climate Change Conference COP28, to be held in Dubai, UAE, in November.

    In particular, the event will have a strong intergenerational approach, recognising that young people are essential stakeholders in creating the solutions for the energy transition.

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  • Horn of Africa facing unprecedented drought emergency with catastrophic outcomes: UN report

    The UNOCHA said in its latest Horn of Africa drought situation update that the situation could worsen further amid deteriorating weather conditions across the affected countries.

    “Communities in the Horn of Africa are in the midst of a likely fifth consecutive failed rainy season — with the October to December 2022 rains beginning poorly and forecasts indicating they are likely to underperform — and may face a sixth failed season in March to May 2023,” the UNOCHA said.

    The October-December 2020, March-May 2021, October-December 2021, and March-May 2022 seasons were all marred by below-average rainfall, leaving large swathes of Somalia, southern and southeastern Ethiopia, and northern and eastern Kenya facing the most prolonged drought in recent history, while the March-May 2022 rainy season was the driest on record in the last 70 years, it said.

    It said the 2020-2022 drought has now surpassed the horrific droughts in 2010-2011 and 2016-2017 in both duration and severity and will continue to deepen in the months ahead, with catastrophic consequences.

    The UNOCHA further warned that the ongoing drought situation is ravaging affected communities, with needs spiraling.

    Across the Horn of Africa, at least 36.4 million people will be affected by the most prolonged and severe drought in recent history in the last months of 2022, including 24.1 million in Ethiopia, 7.8 million in Somalia, and 4.5 million in Kenya, according to the figures from the UNOCHA.

  • Rwanda in high gear with Tubeho Neza to reduce firewood use

    Rwanda is among countries with segments of the population using traditional cooking fuels. Figures from the Ministry of Environment indicate that 79.9% of the population depends on charcoal and wood as a source of cooking fuels and among the rural populations those using wood is over 90%.

    The Ministry also indicates that Rwanda needs at least over US$1.37 billion by 2030 to achieve the target of reducing charcoal and firewood use from 83 percent of 2019 to 42 percent of population.

    The government says that the target can only be achieved through collaboration with members of the private sector and donors.

    Apart from their effects on the environment, some parts of Rwanda still struggle to access charcoal and firewood as the sources of fuel depending on their topography and the fact that there has been significant deforestation over the years making wood fuel scarce.

    The majority of such areas are from Eastern Province, mainly in the districts of Ngoma, Bugesera and Rwamagana.

    The issue has been also pointed out by the Governor of Eastern Province, Emmanuel Gasana who revealed that residents sometimes use dry weeds to cook food.

    “When it comes to cooking fuels, our province understands it easily because residents in districts including Ngoma, Rwamagana and Bugesera are sometimes hit hard and use dry weeds as an alternative for cooking fuel,” he said.

    Residents also explain that they struggle to prepare food for those with no woodlots as they spend a long time roaming around hills to collect wood sticks.

    Ernestine Umutesi is a mother of four residing in Mwulire Cell, Rwamagana District.

    She revealed that they hardly get cooking fuels as her family has no woodlot.

    This pushed parents and children to roam around hills and bushes to be able to prepare food because they cannot cover the cost for a sack of charcoal usually sold between Rwf8000 and Rwf10000.

    “Apart from charcoals, firewood bought at Rwf500 is used once. This highlights how getting cooking fuels is a serious problem,” said Umutesi.

    Other residents explain that those with means to buy a sack of charcoal cannot use it for more than two weeks.

    Interventions of Tubeho Neza

    In a bid to cut expenses, reduce CO2 emissions and save forestry, the ‘Tubeho Neza’ (Live Well) project distributes energy-efficient cooking stoves which rely on wood but in much smaller quantities. It cuts wood use by 71%, and on project completion, will save 64km2 of forestry every year.

    The project is run by DelAgua and is committed to uplift people’s livelihoods through access to climate and health friendly cooking stoves. The project specifically focusses on rural communities. DelAgua provides the stove free of charge, as such a high performing stove is unaffordable for the rural poor. Even subsidized, less effective stoves are out of their reach. Tubeho Neza is allowing those most in need and previously denied clean cooking, access to the best quality rocket stove available with all the health and environmental benefits it delivers.

    In collaboration with the Government of Rwanda, the organization started distributing energy-efficient cooking stoves in 2012 with the target of increasing the number from current 1 million to 2.3 million stoves by 2024,one for every rural household.

    On the celebration of the project’s 10th anniversary on Wednesday, October 26 in Mwulire Sector of Rwamagana District, DelAgua donated the 1 millionth stove, marking a milestone in their emission reduction model.

    The donation is meant to eliminate the use of open firewood stoves or three stone stoves mostly used in rural areas . The concept and study of the environment friendly stove was designed by DelAgua to perfectly suit the rural families and is manufactured by Burn in Kenya.

    Neil McDougall, the Chairman of DelAgua says that the stove’s design and performance will contribute to improved livelihoods of people in rural areas.

    “We commissioned studies in collaboration with the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. It was observed that the stove can reduce children’s deaths by 47%. It also reduces smoke as it has the capacity to burn wood cleanly and with little ash compared to three stone stoves. Also, the stove saves firewood and can reduce the use of wood sticks from ten to three. This reduces the money spent on firewood or the time spent to collect them,” he said.

    Neil McDougal explained that the multi-million project is promising to contribute to the reduction of emissions and improve beneficiaries’ livelihoods as well.

    Exemption of taxes

    The Minister of Environment, Dr. Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya said that Tubeho Neza is the largest project all over the world aimed at distributing environment friendly energy efficient cooking stoves.

    “In partnership with the Government of Rwanda, DelAgua initiated the Tubeho Neza project, which is the largest across the world. Today, we are halfway to our target,” she noted.

    Dr. Mujawamariya revealed that the government exonerated taxes to make the exercise possible.

    The stove donated for free is valued at Rwf80,000 including the lifelong education, support and service programme that is provided to every family alongside the stove.

    Such is the effectiveness of the programme, independent audits show that 99% of the stoves given to beneficiaries are still in daily use.

    Chantal Muhongerwa is among beneficiaries of the stoves who previously used three stone fires.

    The woman explained that she would catch respiratory or eye complications due to the use of traditional fire.

    Today, Muhongerwa has a different story to tell as her health conditions have improved and her home is always clean, thanks to the clean cooking stove received eight years ago which also reduced time spent in the kitchen.

    “Today, I spend a few minutes cooking food and get time for rest. I save the money previously spent on large quantities of wood in a saving group to diversify sources of income. Before, I would use a log bought at Rwf2000 one day but a small amount of wood bought at Rwf500 can cook food the whole day using the energy-efficient stove. We are thankful for the great support,” she said.

    Muhongerwa also revealed that the time she used to spend cooking beans has reduced from four hours to 1 hour and 40 minutes.

    The Minister of Environment and the Chairman of DelAgua handing over energy-efficient cooking stove to one of beneficiaries.whatsapp_image_2022-10-26_at_11.55_45_am-0dec7.jpgwhatsapp_image_2022-10-26_at_12.00_31_pm-87df7.jpgRecipients attest that the energy-efficient cooking stove reduced time the used to spend cooking food.Beneficiaries of the stoves say that they use small quantities of wood.

  • Asian elephants embrace baby boom in China amid enhanced conservation efforts

    Asian elephants, the continent’s largest land animal, are under top-level protection in China and constitute an important part of Yunnan’s rainforest ecosystem.

    According to the Yunnan provincial forestry and grassland bureau, the number of Asian elephants in the province increased from 293 in 2018 to about 360 by 2021.

    The “baby boom” of the giant mammal demonstrates the success of China’s arduous protection efforts and the country’s progress in conserving ecological biodiversity, especially when the population of this species is showing a declining trend globally.

    Human-elephant harmony

    “Strengthened protection and fewer human impacts are important reasons behind the high fertility rate,” said Chen Mingyong, professor at the School of Ecology and Environmental Science of Yunnan University.

    During these years, the province has explored multiple ways to reduce the encounters between humans and elephants and to keep the animals away from farmers’ crops.

    Food stores, dubbed “elephant canteens,” have been established in many locations across Yunnan, providing the animals with attractive and nutritious meals. In 2022, the province’s Pu’er City has set up around 467 hectares of food stores in areas where Asian elephants are found.

    “The food stores have both lowered human-elephant encounters and enriched elephants’ food resources,” said Guo Xianming, director of the scientific research institute with the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve in Yunnan.

    According to the investigation results provided by Chen, the Asian elephant’s “food menu” has expanded from nearly 100 to 240 types, and most of them are crops such as corn, rice, and sugar cane, which are planted on a large scale and within easy reach of the elephants.

    Ever since 2021, the provincial government of Yunnan has invested a total of 100 million yuan (about 14.83 million U.S. dollars) in strengthening monitoring and early warning systems, habitat restoration, and safety precautions to improve the harmonious co-existence of humans and elephants.

    In 2010, Yunnan became the first provincial-level region in China to introduce commercial insurance for damage caused by wildlife, which covered the whole province by 2014.

    Wang Chuan, a villager in Pu’er, witnessed growth in elephant numbers and indicated that they are now more frequently spotted in his village than before.

    “Of course it’s annoying to see our crops destroyed by the elephants, but villagers always put up with those naughty animals instead of dispersing them by force,” said Wang.

    Over the years, the compensation level for elephant-caused damage has been rising. During the 13th Five-Year Plan period (2016-2020), some 297 million yuan was paid in the province to cover the losses caused by wildlife, mainly Asian elephants.

    Major infrastructure development in the region also intentionally heeded the activities of Asian elephants.

    In the construction of the China-Laos Railway, routes were redesigned to avoid the habitats of elephants and some parts of the railway were built into bridges and tunnels to provide passage for the migratory giants.

    Conservation efforts

    Elephant inspectors play an important role in the detection of the baby boom. Diao Faxing, 47, has been working as one of the 10 local inspectors for six years in Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County of Pu’er.

    “The number of elephants multiplied in recent years,” said Diao. “There are a total of 43 wild elephants in Jiangcheng, and four calves were born this year.”

    During an inspection tour at the end of July, Diao noticed a female elephant left behind by the herd and stopped eating.

    Diao and his colleagues reported the incident immediately and were relieved when seeing the elephant recover and catch up with the rest of the herd.

    “It may be stressful to have more elephants to care for, but every newborn is a sign of achievement of our protection,” said Diao. “They are like new family members and I named all of them.”

    As the frequent visit of elephants in the county requires inspectors to synchronize their daily schedule with elephant movements, they have to get up at five in the morning and work till midnight.

    Apart from the efforts of inspectors, scientific researchers also carry out various studies, including the analysis of the suitability of elephant habitats and conservation of biological diversity, to enhance the knowledge and protection of Asian elephants.

    Bao Mingwei, an elephant doctor at the Asian Elephant Breeding and Rescue Center in Xishuangbanna, and his research team have successfully bred nine calves by studying the method of human-assisted breeding, which has aided the population increase of Asian elephants in China.

    “The elephant rescue and protection efforts helped population increase and the baby boom happened as there are more female elephants at childbearing age,” said Guo.

    Also on the agenda is the establishment of a national park for Asian elephants. National and local authorities will coordinate efforts in the integration and optimization of the existing habitat range and build a unified protection and management system.

    “Based on the established mechanism of Asian elephant conservation, the national park will be critical for conserving tropical rainforests and long-term conservation of nature and ecology,” said Chen Fei, director of the Asian elephant research center under the National Forestry and Grassland Administration.

    “We will work to guarantee the balance among the expansion of elephant population, human safety, and property safety in the park,” he added.

    Aerial photo taken on Aug. 1, 2022 shows Asian elephants with their babies searching for food in Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County of Pu'er, southwest China's Yunnan Province. (Xinhua/Jiang Wenyao)Aerial photo taken on Aug. 1, 2022 shows Asian elephants searching for food in Jiangcheng Hani and Yi Autonomous County of Pu'er, southwest China's Yunnan Province. (Xinhua/Jiang Wenyao)Bao Mingwei, an elephant doctor at the Asian Elephant Breeding and Rescue Center in Xishuangbanna, trains elephants for wild release in southwest China's Yunnan Province, July 28, 2022. (Xinhua/Jiang Wenyao)

  • Photos : Giant panda twins celebrate third birthday in Belgium

    The panda twins celebrated their third birthday by eating a “cake” in front of the amused crowds.

    Giant panda twins Giant panda twins Giant panda Giant panda twins Giant panda twins Visitors watch giant panda twins Giant panda

  • Kigali’s Urban Wetland Eco-Tourism Park, an environmental protection lesson to the African cities

    Wetlands are also increasingly seen as important for adaptation to climate change.

    The continued loss of wetlands has direct, measurable impacts on the people that depend on them, causing declines in biodiversity, food security, water quality and quantity, and carbon capture and storage to mitigate climate change.

    Despite the dependence of a large proportion of Africa’s population on wetland ecosystem services, these habitats are rarely monitored sufficiently. This is due to a lack of awareness of their importance, the importance of monitoring, lack of resources (both financial and knowledge-based), as well as a lack of developed monitoring methods for the assessment of wetlands.

    When it comes to Rwanda, approximately 10.6 percent of its surface area is covered with wetlands. The biggest wetlands are floodplain wetlands of low altitude associated with major lakes such as Lake Cyohoha, Rweru, Mugesera, Nasho, and rivers such as Nyabarongo, Akanyaru, Mukungwa, Base, Nyabugogo, among others.

    In Rwanda, wetlands continue to play an essential role in supporting all development for sustainable development. They provide water storage, flood buffering, nutrient removal, and water purification as well as erosion control.

    Despite their importance, wetlands in Rwanda face significant pressures, especially due to poor agricultural practices such as uncontrolled fertilizers and pesticides, soil erosion, peat extraction, illegal mining, illegal infrastructure, pollutants from industrial wastewater discharge among others.

    So far, Rwanda has taken a bigger step in protecting environment. Nyandungu Urban Wetland Eco-Tourism Park can be a tangible proof of this effort.

    This ecotourism jewel is nestled in the valley between Kimironko and Masoro-Bumbogo hill in Ndera sector, separating the districts of Gasabo and Kicukiro and soon will be accessible to the public.

    According to Harerimana Jacques who is among the local community living around before this initiative Nyandungu Wetland was being destroyed.

    “Before this decision of the government, this wetland was totally a mess. It was used for exploiting clay. Dredging and filling activities have caused flooding of mangrove habitat. Now you can see that it is getting back to its nature status,” he said.

    Over the years, the highly degraded wetland was being used for different activities including agriculture and sand mining among other human activities, which were greatly affecting the ecosystem and thereby posing serious danger for surrounding livelihoods. Six years ago, Rwandan Government decided to change way of doing things in this Wetland.

    Nyandungu Park covers an area of 121.7 hectares. Different species of butterflies have established themselves in this urban wetland where cranes and 70 other bird species fly freely.

    Elements to be part of Nyandungu Urban Wetland Eco-Tourism Park include ornamental ponds, eastern gallery forests, medicinal plant gardens, paved walk ways, restaurants, information center and other recreational services.

    The park is laden with different tree species which according to environmentalists, play a key role in minimizing floods which have been prevalent in the area.

    The diversity in species in the park, conservationists say, will also be vital for the academia who may go there to study different species available in the park.

    Stepping into the park, you are first welcomed by well-built gates and pavements made up of natural stones at all entrances. Close by is the information Centre where the visitor is taken through the different sections of the park.

    The Minister of Environment, Dr. Jeanne d’Arc Mujawamariya encourages everyone to take the work done at Nyandungu Wetland as lesson and start contributing to the effort of protecting wetlands.

    “Wetlands are source of wealth for all Rwandans. Whether we rely on wetlands for water, recreation or agriculture, we each have a role to play in their protection. Let’s all be water wise users by reporting illegal activities, applying environment friendly fertilisers and pesticides in wetlands and ensuring all commercial users have a valid water permit for the water they extract. Together, we can ensure our wetlands are healthy and full of life,” she said.

    According to the Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA), this milestone work which started in 2016 costs about Rwf5 billion (US$4.5 million ), a little more than half of which was provided by the Rwanda Green Fund (FONERWA).

    This investment could generate up to Rwf1 billion in revenue for the government during the first decade of operation of the site, provided that it is popular with tourists.

    Beautiful landscape view at Nyandungu Urban Wetland Eco-Tourism Park.Nyndungu is home to different bird species.A view of a water pond and a bench for visitors at the eco-tourism park.The entrance of Nyandungu Urban Wetland Eco-Tourism Park.51534287697_2ebcf444c9_c.jpg51535075656_9d33a97316_c.jpg51535799124_078980a690_c.jpg51535321558_765120c835_c.jpg