Nzakamwita,79, who served as the Bishop of Byumba Diocese was sent to retirement recently after Pope Francis appointed Papias Musengamana to replace him in February 2022.
The appointment was announced three years after Bishop Nzakamwita wrote to the Pope to grant him retirement which is reached at the age of 75.
Speaking to Radio Rwanda, Bishop Nzakamwita has revealed that he wants to spend his retirement time at Rwesero Junior Seminary.
“I chose the seminary when asked the preferred place where I was to be given an apartment for my retirement. The seminary is a home where we upbring future priests. All students educated there might not become priests but they become good leaders and well educated people. It has been observed that seminaries produce good leaders and parents who properly assume their parenting duties,” he said.
“So, I am set to join the seminary as their grandfather. I am going to educate children and grandchildren in collaboration with the seminary’s management so that we can nurture them and train them to be generous and strive for personal development to become useful children and aspiring future leaders of this country. It will also be a good pathway for dedicated priests to continue helping Christians along the journey of Christianity,” added Bishop Nzakamwita.
He joins other retiring Bishops including the former Bishop of Kibungo Diocese, Frederick Rubwejanga, Thadée Ntihinyurwa of Kigali, Alexis Habiyambere of Nyundo, Anastase Mutabazi of Kabgayi and Kizito Bahujimihigo of Kibungo.
The Archbishop of Kigali Diocese, Antoine Cardinal Kambanda recently told IGIHE that the Catholic Church has a great memory on activities of Bishop Nzakamwita.
He explained that Nzakamwita contributed a lot to reconciling Rwandans as he particularly led Christians with fresh wounds of the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi.
Cardinal Kambanda also revealed that Nzakamwita served the church as much as he could in his capacities in spreading the Gospel and contributed to family development through the resolution of disputes and promoting their wellbeing among others.
Bishop Nzakamwita was born on 20th April 1943 in former Commune Kiyombe of Byumba Prefecture in the current Nyagatare District.
From 1952 to 1957, he studied Primary School in Kabare, Rushaki and Rwaza, from where he continued studies at Rwesero Junior Seminary.
He joined the Nyakibanda Major Seminary in 1965 and ordained priest on 11th July 1971 in Rushaki Parish. He began apostolic duties at Ruhengeri Cathedral where he spent five years before moving to Janja Parish as Chief Priest.
In 1989, he went to I Lumen Vitae in Belgium for further studies and returned in 1991 to teach at Rutongo Major Seminary until 25th March 1996 when he was appointed Bishop of Byumba Diocese. He was installed Bishop on 2nd July 1996.
He is among protectors of friendship pact due to his contribution to unity and reconciliation among Rwandans after the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi.
It is unique considering the extreme cruelty with which it was executed in comparison to other atrocities like the Holocaust Genocide.
We have below outlined some of unique aspects of the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi that saw people killing neighbours and relatives pitilessly:
{{Killing a large number in short timespan}}
The Ministry of National Unity and Civic Engagement (MINUBUMWE) indicates that the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi is among those committed in shortest time span taking lives of a large number of victims.
A total of 1,070,014 victims were killed during 100 days from April until July 1994 as per research conducted by the Ministry of Local Government (MINALOC) in 2002.
The figures show that nearly 10,000 Tutsis were killed every day, a number that might be equivalent to sector’s population.
As for the Holocaust Genocide, nearly 6 million Jews were killed in three years.
Figures released from MINALOC might even go up considering other remains of Genocide victims excavated from different parts of the country after the research.
{{Killing relatives }}
Killing someone is forbidden whether you have issues with them or not. However, perpetrators of the Genocide against the Tutsi turned savage that mothers would kill children or children would kill fathers on the basis of their identity.
This was among other unique aspects of Genocide against the Tutsi as some parents killed children they had sired together with Tutsi mothers of fathers.
Albert Nsengimana brought to light these circumstances through his book dubbed ‘Ma mère m’a tué’ translated as ‘My Mother Killed Me’ featuring his own testimonies of how his mother killed his siblings in collaboration with Interahamwe militiamen because they were born to a Tutsi father.
The tragedy also happened in other parts of the country where people killed intimate friends with whom their lived in the same village or had in-laws relationships.
{{Shared culture and language}}
Unlike the Holocaust Genocide where Nazi perpetrators had no relations with victims, the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi saw Rwandans killing other Rwandans with whom they lived together, spoke one language, grew together, studied at same schools and share the same culture and lifestyle.
The perpetrators and victims had no reasons for segregation apart from hatred and genocide ideology instilled among people after dividing Rwandans through Hutu and Tutsi ethnic groups.
{{Use of traditional weapons }}
During the Holocaust Genocide, some people were shot dead while others were killed by the use of chemicals gradually.
In Rwanda, the majority of victims were killed with traditional arms to inflict extreme suffering on victims.
Perpetrators used traditional weapons like big sticks, small hoes and machetes among others used to torture and kill Tutsis.
{{Extreme cruelty }}
Everyone is subjected to death under normal circumstances. It is however heart-wrenching to see a human being dying with extreme suffering particularly inflicted by another. The heartless perpetrators did inflict much pain on victims where they killed them physically and morally as they forced them to dig holes in which they had to be dumped.
In churches like Ntarama in Bugesera District, children were killed of torture as perpetrators repeatedly hit them on walls until they die. In Southern Province, there are Tutsis whose hearts were devoured by perpetrators who would also suck their blood.
In other instances, Tutsis were raped and infected with HIV/AIDS among other inhumane acts beyond one’s understanding.
{{Conspiracy at all levels }}
The 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi was executed on collaboration between authorities at all levels, churches and different organizations.
Only a few churches were not used as killing grounds for Tutsis as belongings of victims are still found in some places of worship that have been turned into Genocide memorials.
During Genocide against Tutsi, there was neither church nor organization which dared releasing a statement denouncing the crime against humanity but some religious leaders worked with authorities to execute the Genocide.
{{International community kept a deaf ear }}
The United Nations and other international organizations were represented in Rwanda during the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi but kept a deaf ear to denounce and stop the atrocities until RPA Inkotanyi intervened to save the country from the devil’s hands.
The level of irresponsibility escalated further as Genocide began when UN troops abandoned Tutsis leaving them in the hands of perpetrators who wanted to exterminate all.
Nyanza-Kicukiro is distinctly known as one of the places where thousands of people were massacred a few days after the beginning of the 1994 genocide against the Tutsi.
When the genocide began on April 7, over 3000 Tutsi from Kicukiro sought refuge at a former technical school, Ecole Technique Officielle de Kicukiro (ETO), in the belief that they would be protected by the United Nations peacekeeping forces for Rwanda (MINUAR) that was based there.
MINUAR would however desert them a few days later, despite the tension that had built up as the Interahamwe militia and government soldiers had surrounded the school.
Following the departure of the UN troops, government soldiers and Interahamwe took control of ETO Kicukiro.
In the school, Tutsi were taken by government soldiers and Interahamwe to Sonatube to be murdered there but the then mayor of the city, Lt. Col. Tharcisse Renzaho, ordered that they instead be taken to Nyanza and killed from there because Sonatube was too visible along the road to the airport.
The Tutsi were then forced to march back, all the way to Nyanza, amid a heavy downpour. Many had not eaten for a couple of days. Those too weak to walk were killed on the way. When they arrived at Nyanza, the militia asked them to present their IDs to ensure that no Hutu were among the group.
Mass killings then began and many of them were killed using machetes. The next morning, as the killers attempted to finish off those who were still alive, the Rwandan Patriotic Army soldiers arrived and rescued the few who had survived the massacre.
These abandoned Tutsi were killed on 11th April 1994.
Rwanda’s Presidency has via Twitter handle revealed that President Kagame will also visit Oyo, a town in the Republic of Congo located in the Cuvette Region, more than 400 km from Brazzaville.
In 2010, the town had more than 5 000 inhabitants. It is connected by paved road to Brazzaville, the capital of the country.
President Kagame is accompanied by officials including the Minister of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation, Dr. Vincent Biruta; the Minister of Finance and Economic Planning, Dr. Uzziel Ndagijimana and the CEO of Rwanda Development Board, Clare Akamanzi among others.
A statement released recently on 9th April 2022 by Florent Ntsiba, the Director of Congo Brazzaville Presidential Cabinet indicates that Kagame’s visit is a response to the invitation of his counterpart and seeks to deepen bilateral relations and cooperation.
Both Heads of State are also expected to proceed to a tête-à-tête discussions. The statement also reads that Kagame will address both chambers of parliament before witnessing the signing of cooperation agreements in different areas.
Rwanda and Brazzaville relations date back in August 1982. Since then, both countries have enjoyed cooperation in the areas of diplomacy, politics and trade among others.
In November 2021, Rwanda and Brazzaville signed agreements in the areas of military cooperation, sustainable development, environmental preservation and trade promotion among others.
Despite self-evidencing facts of the heinous crime that saw victims brutally murdered 28 years ago, there are still people distorting the truth of what happened spreading propaganda to deny and undermine the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi.
As the world is called upon to join hands to fight genocide denial and trivialization through different platforms, some individuals have taken giant steps by writing books to tell the truth and preserve history.
There are many authors who wrote about the Genocide but we have selected five must-read books written by survivors who narrated their ordeal and how the Genocide was executed with extreme cruelty.
{{Letf to Tell}}
The book ‘Left To Tell Discovering God Amidst The Rwandan Holocaust’, was written by Immaculée Ilibagiza. It is about the author’s testimony narrating difficult times she went through during Genocide against Tutsi.
Ilibagiza talks about his path to survival hiding in a toilet of a neighbouring Hutu pastor where she spent 91 days.
As Ilibagiza narrates, she stayed there with seven more women and had neither food nor drinks. She spent all days and nights reciting the Rosary asking God to strengthen her during the trying times.
After the tragedy, she went out of the hiding place but all her relatives had been murdered except his brother who was studying abroad. Ilibagiza met face to face with the offender who killed her mother and siblings but got strength to forgive him.
The book ‘Left To Tell’ was translated into more than 17 languages where over 2 million copies have been bought.
In 2007, an American Leslie Lewis Sword and Edward Vilga used the book to produce a film dubbed ‘Miracle In Rwanda’ which has been showcased in different corners of the world.
Ilibagiza authored other books including ‘The Story Of Mary and Jesus in Kibeho: A Prophecy Fulfilled’, ‘The Station Of The Cross’ and ‘The Boy Who Met Jesus And Message For Humanity’ among others.
{{Moi, le dernier Tutsi}}
The book ‘Moi, le dernier Tutsi’ translated as ‘Me, the last Tutsi’ was written by Charles Habonimana in collaboration with French national Daniel Le Scornet.
It reflects bitter history he went through during the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi.
‘Moi, le dernier Tutsi’ is a 187-page book featuring the real story of the author’s life during the Genocide where he lost both parents, relatives and siblings.
Habonimana who was 12 years old at the time saw Interahamwe killing relatives with his own eyes but lived with them and accompanied them during different attacks to kill Tutsis.
The authors shows how Genocide unfolded in his parents’ village in the former Mayunzwe Sector, Commune Tambwe of Gitarama Prefecture in the current Ruhango District of Southern Province.
He listed names of victims killed on Nzaratsi hill that was named ‘Calvary’ following the tragic end of a man called Léonard Sebuyonde who was killed and crucified on cross like Jesus.
The fact that many Tutsis in the area were killed at the hill gave him inspiration to give the first part of his book the heading: ‘Calvaire’ (Calvary).
{{Ma mère m’a tué}}
The book ‘Ma mère m’a tué’ translated as ‘My Mother Killed Me’ was written by Albert Nsengimana who was 7-year old during the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi.
It features testimonies of his horrendous experiences where his mother took part in the death of his siblings and attempted to kill him too.
Nsengimana was among nine siblings born to a Tutsi father and Hutu mother. They lived in the former Commune Kabarondo in the current Kayonza District.
In his book, Nsengimana wrote about shocking testimonies depicting how Genocide was prepared and executed with extreme cruelty until a mother kills own child pitilessly.
Nsengimana also narrated how his mother used to take his children to Interahamwe militiamen including his uncle to be killed.
{{Not My Time To Die}}
‘Not My Time To Die’ is a book written by Yolande Mukagasana, an activist renowned for initiatives to fight denial of the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi and trivialization.
‘Not My Time To Die’ is about testimony revolving around how her family was brutally murdered during the Genocide.
{{That Child is Me}}
The book ‘That Child is Me’ was written by Claver Irakoze who was aged 11 during the Genocide against Tutsi. He wrote the book with a view to encourage people to teach children about history of the 1994 Genocide against Tutsi.
The ceremony took place at Kenya’s State House in Nairobi, one week after the country was admitted into the regional bloc becoming the seventh member state.
DRC was given the deadline of 14th April to have signed the accession treaty to formally join EAC and be added to the bloc’s map.
Rwandan President Paul Kagame and his counterpart of Uganda witnessed the signing ceremony between the President of DRC Felix Tshisekedi and Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya who also serves as the current Chairperson of the African union.
Speaking after the ceremony, Kagame reiterated commitment to work with his counterparts to deepen the bloc’s integration.
Below are pictures that marked the visit of President Kagame on his visit to Kenya to attend the ceremony.
This year’s commemoration activities started on 7th April 2022 during an event presided over by President Paul Kagame and First Lady Jeannette Kagame who lit the flame of hope at Kigali Genocide Memorial.
In a message released via Twitter handle, the team revealed that it stands in solidarity with Rwandans during difficult times of remembering Genocide against Tutsi which claimed lives of more than 1 million victims killed for their innate personality.
“In this week of national mourning, in Rwanda, the PSG stand in solidarity with all Rwandans, and pays tribute to the victims of the Genocide perpetrated against the Tutsi in 1994. Remember, Unite, Renew,” reads the tweet.
The team signed partnership with Rwanda Development Board (RDB) three years ago to market Rwanda’s touristic attractions, creative culture and its openness to welcome business partnerships from France and across the world among others.
In CAR, President Faustin Archange Touadera joined Rwandans living and working there to pay tribute to more than one million innocent lives massacred during the 100 days of horror, in the event held in the capital Bangui.
Rwanda maintains three Police contingents under the UN Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA), with two of them operating the Bangui.
The commemoration was marked with the lighting of the candles as sign of hope and one minute of silence to pay respect to the victims of the Genocide against Tutsi in Rwanda in 1994.
The event was also attended by diplomats and consulates accredited to CAR as well as top leaders of MINUSCA. It was characterized with testimonies from survivors depicted the long journey they lived during the horror period and how, despite being minors, took over the challenging parental responsibilities.
Olivier Kayumba, the Head of Rwanda Diplomatic Mission in CAR thanked President Touadera for joining Rwandan community to commemorate, adding that it demonstrates “strong relationship to the prevailing good cooperation between two brotherly countries.”
He emphasized it was the history characterized by hatred, divisionism and dehumanization among the Rwandans that resulted into the loss of more than one million innocent people 28 years ago.
Kayumba explained how the Genocide was not caused by the crash of the presidential plane as some perceived.
“The Genocide against Tutsi was planned and taught through divisionism, dehumanization to exterminate a group of Rwandans,” Kayumba said.
He called on countries still harboring masterminds and perpetrators to do the right thing to bring them to justice, as well as fight genocide denial.
Minister of Foreign Affairs, Francophonie and Centrafrican Community abroad, Madam Sylvie Baïpo-Temon, who spoke on behalf of the Government of CAR, appreciated the invitation to share the history of Rwanda as a friend and a sister country.
She acknowledged the efforts by the Rwandan Government and the people of Rwanda in the reconciliation and national unity as sign of “hard work and good political will” of President Paul Kagame, who focuses on good governance and social economic development.
A moment to remember was also held in the Rwandan Police base-camp in Kaga-Bandora, about 400kms from Bangui, where another Formed Police Unit (FPU) contingent is deployed.
{{South Sudan}}
In South Sudan, where Rwanda maintains two FPU contingents, the commemoration in Juba was presided over by the Minister for Cabinet Affairs, Dr. Martin Lomuro.
It was also attended by the UNMISS Police Commissioner, Madam Christine Fossen, senior officials in South Sudan military and Police as well as officials from UNMISS leadership and other contributing countries.
Minister Lomuro appreciated Rwanda’s progress under the strategic leadership of President Paul Kagame, adding that the presence of Rwandan peacekeepers is of value and a lesson to the people of South Sudan to borrow a leaf.
In Malakal, Upper Nile State where Rwanda FPU-1 of 240 officers are deployed, they also joined the rest of Rwandans and friends of Rwanda to remember.
“We have made many speeches in the recent past. We just have to get down to do the work that is entailed in the statements we have made to our people. I am with you all the way to achieve the objective of deeper and wider integration of our community,” he said.
The signing of the treaty on Friday 8th April 2022 at Kenya’s State House in Nairobi saw DRC becoming the 7th EAC member state.
The ceremony hosted by Kenya’s President Uhuru Kenyatta was also attended by DRC President Felix Tshisekedi who signed the treaty, Uganda’s President Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, Paul Kagame of Rwanda, EAC Secretary General Dr. Peter Mutuku Mathuki and Kenya’s Industrialization and Trade Cabinet Secretary Betty Maina who holds the East African Community docket in acting capacity.
The signing of the treaty of accession follows the admission of DR Congo into the EAC as the seventh member of the regional bloc during the virtual 19th Extraordinary Summit of EAC Heads of State chaired by President Kenyatta on March 29.
Welcoming DR Congo into the EAC, President Kenyatta said that the coming of the new member into the Community will open doors of opportunity for expanded trade and cooperation.
“With the accession of the DRC, our Community’s population now stands at about 300 million and our combined Gross Domestic Product (GDP) will now stand at $250 billion,” Kenyatta said.
The Head of State added that the accession of DR Congo as a member of the EAC will also strengthen the economic muscle and competitiveness of the regional economic bloc in the continent as well as globally.
“To my brother and friend President Tshishekedi and the people of the DRC, we welcome you to the EAC Customs Union and the EAC Common Market.
These two are the signature pillars of our community and the foundation upon which the social, political, trade, investment and economic interests stand,” President Kenyatta said.
He pointed out that the accession signature immediately brings DR Congo into the realms and provisions of all the protocols and regional policies of the EAC.
He said the signing will be followed by the immediate removal of all existing Non-Tariff Barriers as well as limitations on the movement of capital, goods, services and people, saying with time this will lead to a major increase in inter-EAC trade.
In this regard, President Kenyatta urged DR Congo to conclude the remaining domestic processes as per its constitution and deposit the instruments of ratification within the stipulated six months period.
The President assured that the Community shall also develop a mechanism for the speedy ratification by DR Congo of the admission of submissions of the Community to the African Continental Free Trade Area Agreement (AfCFTA) processes.
“As agreed by the EAC partner states, the joint submission by EAC will strengthen our voice in the AfCFTA,” President Kenyatta said.
On his part, President Tshishekedi said the admission of DR Congo into the EAC was a fulfilment of dreams held by his country’s ancestors more than 60 years ago, adding that it marked a decisive shift in the country’s foreign and economic policy.
“DR Congo will actively play its role within the community so that it can become more stronger and more prosperous,” President Tshishekedi said.
President Museveni emphasized the importance of integration, saying it accelerates prosperity through the provision of a broader market for goods and improves regional strategic security.
The Ugandan leader added that the integration of African countries is easier because they share common social infrastructure including language unlike in Europe where language barrier is a big problem.
The EAC Heads of State wrapped up the ceremony, also witnessed by development partners and representatives of the private sector, by unveiling the new map of the East African Community.
The entrance of the DR Congo into the EAC adds some 90 million people into the bloc’s already existing 177 million citizens.
EAC was established in 1967.
Both Heads of State met in Kenya where they attended the signing ceremony of the treaty of accession by the Democratic Republic of Congo to the East African Community (EAC).
The development has been communicated by Museveni via Twitter handle.
“I met with H.E Paul Kagame, the President of the Republic of Rwanda shortly before we both witnessed the signing of the Treaty of Accession by the Democratic Republic of Congo to EAC at State House, Nairobi,” he tweeted.
President Kagame last met with Museveni in February 2020 during discussions held at Gatuna border aimed at seeking a solution to spoiled relations between Rwanda and Uganda.
Kagame has been receiving envoys from Museveni including Uganda’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations, Ambassador Adonia Ayebare and Lt Gen Muhoozi Kainerugaba, the first born son of Uganda’s President who serves as Senior Presidential Advisor on Special Operations and Commander of Land Forces of the Uganda People’s Defence Forces (UPDF).
The Heads of State meet at a time when efforts to restore relations to normal have reached commendable stages following discussions between President Kagame and Lt Gen Muhoozi.
The ceremony took place on Friday 8th April 2022 at Kenya’s Presidential Palace in the country’s capital, Nairobi.
The EAC Treaty has been signed in presence of Heads of State including Paul Kagame of Rwanda, Yoweri Kaguta museveni of Uganda and Uhuru Kenyatta of Kenya who is the current chair of EAC.
DR Congo became the seventh member of the Community on March 29 when the EAC Heads of State, during their 19th Ordinary Summit, admitted the country following recommendation by the Council of Ministers.
Since DRC was admitted recently, leaders have hailed its entrance into the bloc, terming it an opportunity for the bloc to become even better.
The entrance of the DR Congo into the EAC adds some 90 million people into the bloc’s already existing 177 million citizens.
Established in 1967, the EAC is a regional intergovernmental organization, also comprising Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda, with its headquarters in Arusha, Tanzania.
