Kagame disclosed that the two leaders engaged in productive discussions earlier during their one-on-one meeting. Emphasizing the shared aspirations of Rwanda and Guinea, Kagame highlighted the goals of achieving prosperity, peace, and security for their citizens. Noting positive outcomes in bilateral relations, Kagame mentioned the signing of numerous agreements across various sectors, with a particular focus on digitization, trade, and investments.
Expressing eagerness for collaboration, Kagame stated Rwanda’s willingness to share home-grown solutions and continue learning from Guinea. Addressing the global crisis, Kagame stressed the need for joint efforts in finding solutions to challenges. He commended Doumbouya for steering Guinea through a transitional phase and maintaining stability and development.
In response, Doumbouya underscored the significance of his visit to Kigali, expressing the desire to strengthen the relationship between the two countries and enhance the bonds of friendship and cooperation in the pan-African spirit. He reiterated Guinea’s willingness to collaborate, acknowledging Kagame’s confidence in their nation. Doumbouya highlighted the commitment of Guinea and its government to reinforce cooperation, particularly in the telecommunications, infrastructure, and transport sectors.
Both leaders agreed on the importance of diplomatic presence in Kigali and Conakry as a means of strengthening relations and bringing their people closer together.
The development has been announced by Rwanda’s Presidency via X account, formerly Twitter.
Rwanda and Mozambique have been enjoying vibrant relations for many years.
Both countries have cooperation agreements in different areas including security, trade and investment among others.
In 2021, Rwanda sent joint troops of Rwanda National Police (RNP) and Rwanda Defence Force (RDF) to fight terrorists in the Southern Africa country.
Following the deployment of Rwandan troops, the situation has been gradually returning to normal where displaced citizens returned home and schools resumed.
President Nyusi’s most recent visit to Rwanda took place in July 2023. During this visit, President Kagame gave him Inyambo, a breed of long-horned cattle. Prior to that, in February 2022, the two heads of state met in Rwanda to discuss collaborative efforts between their countries.
Their discussions encompassed various initiatives, including the joint actions taken to enhance security in Cabo Delgado Province and other areas of mutual cooperation.
Doumbouya, who received an official invitation from President Kagame, was accompanied by the First Lady of Guinea, Lauriane Doumbouya.
During the visit, the leaders are expected to engage in fruitful discussions on various topics as per statement from Guinea’s presidency.
This diplomatic exchange follows Kagame’s previous visit to Guinea in April 2023, during which an agreement was signed to establish a joint cooperation committee covering areas such as agriculture, ICT, education, mining, and security.
The significance of President Doumbouya’s trip lies in its potential to strengthen economic and diplomatic relations between Kigali and Conakry.
The statement also emphasizes the joint efforts of both leaders to encourage cooperation, fostering investments, peace, stability, and prosperity in their respective countries.
This visit builds on the foundation laid during Kagame’s earlier visit to Guinea, highlighting the commitment to a continued partnership between Rwanda and Guinea.
The acquisition, which was finalized on November 17, 2023, marked a strategic move by the National Cement Company to enhance CIMERWA’s production capacity from 270,000 to meet the rising demand in the region.
During a press conference on January 25, 2024, Dr. Narendra Raval emphasized the completion of the $85 million payment for the shares and announced plans for a further investment of $60 million to improve services and advance cement production capabilities. The primary objective is to reduce cement prices in Rwanda, making it accessible for every Rwandan to build their homes.
Dr. Narendra expressed a commitment to elevate CIMERWA to become a source of pride for Rwanda, ensuring that the country no longer relies on cement imports. He highlighted that the shares, acquired at $0.12 each, would likely see an increase in value in the near future.
Addressing the issue of regional competition, Dr. Narendra acknowledged the presence of cement from neighboring countries on the Rwandan market. However, he affirmed that the company’s efforts would gradually phase out imports and contribute to Rwanda’s self-sufficiency in cement production.
Dr. Narendra emphasized the company’s familiarity with the region’s challenges and commended the active leadership of Rwanda’s President in promoting self-sufficiency. Drawing from the success of their efforts in Kenya and Uganda, he pledged to collaborate with the government to ensure Rwanda no longer imports cement, prioritizing the country’s self-sufficiency over immediate profits.
Among others, Dr. Narendra Raval reiterated the company’s dedication to making CIMERWA a symbol of national pride and contributing to Rwanda’s economic resilience by reducing reliance on foreign imports.
If you inquire among those close to you about cancer diagnoses, you may find a few individuals who have been affected. Currently, those suffering from cancer often discover their condition after visiting a clinic.
Cancer has become a pervasive health challenge in Rwanda and globally, with the World Health Organization (WHO) revealing an annual influx of 20 million new cancer cases and a staggering 10 million deaths. Projections suggest a daunting 60% surge in cancer patients by 2040, reaching an alarming 30 million individuals.
These statistics indicate a 60% increase in cancer patients by 2040, totaling 30 million people.
Rwanda has six hospitals dedicated to diagnosing and treating cancer. However, health authorities indicate a continuous rise in the number of people diagnosed with cancer.
Dr. Theoneste Maniragaba, Director of the Cancer Programme at RBC, revealed to IGIHE that the overall number of cancer patients is increasing, with cervical cancer being the second most common type after breast cancer.
He emphasized the importance of early detection, stating that every year, they receive more than five hundred patients in need of radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or surgery.
Dr. Maniragaba highlighted that Rwandans, in general, were not sufficiently aware of the importance of getting tested for various cancers, even though effective treatments are available.
In Rwanda, there are 12 doctors specializing in cancer treatment using chemotherapy or radiation, 15 oncologists, and other healthcare professionals supporting various diseases. The three main cancer treatment methods include surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation.
Breast cancer remains the leading cause of death, with the number of cancer-related deaths in Rwanda increasing from 5,900 people in 2014 to 6,044 people in 2020.
Dr. Maniragaba emphasized that breast cancer is the most common cancer leading to fatalities in the country, according to 2020 statistics. The data revealed that breast cancer accounted for 24% of deaths, followed by cervical cancer at 23.9%, stomach cancer at 5.1%, prostate cancer at 4%, non-Hodgkin lymphoma at 3.5%, and other cancers at 39.6%.
For men, the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in Rwanda in 2020 included prostate, stomach, liver, colorectal, and lung cancers.
Dr. Maniragaba mentioned that many patients have been treated for cancer and are recovering, although ongoing research aims to determine the exact numbers.
To address this growing health crisis, the Rwandan government has focused on enhancing the capacity of cancer treatment clinics. Noteworthy achievements include the establishment of Butaro Hospital, providing free cancer treatment services, and Kanombe Military Hospital, equipped with state-of-the-art machines, catering to 150 patients daily.
Dr. Maniragaba emphasizes the importance of early cancer diagnosis, stating that timely detection not only facilitates treatment for symptomatic individuals but also opens avenues for a cure when the disease is at its nascent stage.
Speaking at the conclusion of the 19th National Dialogue Council, Umushyikirano, Kagame urged leaders to prioritize transformative actions that positively impact people’s lives.
According to Kagame, the primary purpose of leaders is to deliver for the people and effect positive change in their livelihoods. He stressed that any deviation from this goal renders their efforts futile, emphasizing that leaders cannot afford to delegate their responsibilities.
Kagame warned against leaders abdicating their duties, cautioning that it creates a void that might be filled by individuals with different aspirations.
While acknowledging the value of external support, Kagame encouraged leaders to define their own paths and goals. He emphasized the need for self-reliance and asserted that external assistance should complement, not dictate, their journey.
The second day of Umushyikirano concentrated on national unity and resilience. Kagame urged attendees to commit to improvement in areas where they had fallen short. Additionally, he addressed the issue of inadequate communication within and between government agencies, asserting that effective dialogue is essential for problem-solving.
Kagame highlighted the significance of timely action, discouraging procrastination. He emphasized that solutions often require collaboration and that individuals cannot achieve meaningful results in isolation.
Kagame concluded by noting that many of the identified shortcomings discussed during the meeting did not demand additional financial resources but rather a commitment and diligence from those in positions of responsibility.
Tshisekedi’s disparaging remarks about Rwanda during the December 2023 presidential campaigns, including intentions to overthrow President Paul Kagame, were reiterated by Ndayishimiye on January 21, 2024.
During the opening of the National Dialogue Council, President Kagame cautioned Rwandans not to be alarmed by ‘swollen things, as they are sometimes filled with air.’
On the second day of Umushyikirano on January 24, Minister Bizimana echoed this sentiment, advising Rwandans to ignore provocative messages.
Minister Bizimana urged the youth to remain resilient against hate speeches, exemplified by the recent comments from the Congolese and Burundian Presidents, portraying Rwanda as their enemy.
He emphasized that Rwanda, under excellent leadership, has transcended its dark past and emerged as a prosperous and transformed nation.
The announcement was made on January 23, 2024, during the presentation of the government’s accomplishments under the seven-year plan, NST1 (2017-2024), aimed at propelling sustainable development.
Dr. Ngirente emphasized that a majority of the activities outlined by President Paul Kagame during his 2017 campaign have been successfully accomplished, with the remaining few nearing completion.
He acknowledged the remarkable economic growth, averaging 6.9% over the seven years, except for the setback in 2020 caused by the global economic impact of the Covid-19 pandemic, resulting in a contraction of Rwanda’s economy by -3.4%.
Highlighting factors contributing to the increased budget, Dr. Ngirente stated, “In the last seven years, our income taxes have doubled, demonstrating its pivotal role in the national economy. Our country’s budget has doubled from 2017 to today.”
Addressing the government’s commitment to alleviate the impact of high international market prices, Dr. Ngirente revealed investments in programs supporting the costs of petroleum products, fertilizers, and public transport. Notably, the government facilitated the purchase of 200 large buses for the private sector, with 100 already in operation, alleviating the waiting time for passengers.
He outlined the continued expansion of the transportation infrastructure, with plans to acquire a total of 340 vehicles, including an additional 100 arriving in February. The efforts aim to enhance transportation services not only in urban areas but also extending to provinces across the country.
Examining the budgetary evolution, Dr. Ngirente shared, “The budget for 2017/18 was 2,094.9 billion Rwandan francs, with 83% sourced from domestic funds and loans. In contrast, the budget for 2023/2024 stands at Rwf5,030.1 billion, with 59% sourced from within the country, reflecting significant financial progress.”
Among the noteworthy achievements, Dr. Ngirente highlighted the construction of roads, terraced land covering 1,147,434 hectares, electrification of over 1.5 million houses, the establishment of six new hospitals, 36 classrooms, and various economic and social development facilities.
In the agricultural sector, the government fulfilled its commitment to seed self-sufficiency, ensuring no seed imports since 2021. Additionally, efforts in animal husbandry infrastructure contributed to a substantial increase in milk production, from over 700,000 liters in 2017 to more than a million liters annually.
In 1895, the Germans, led by Gustav Adolf von Götzen, arrived in Rwanda, making it one of the last African nations to be colonized. Initially, the German colonizers focused on supporting King Musinga, who was in power at the time.
The German presence in Rwanda saw periods where Rwandans lost their lives merely for supporting their king, leading up to the outbreak of World War I, which saw the king’s departure for the front lines.
In 1900, Catholic priests entered Rwanda, introducing religious teachings and other knowledge. However, these teachings were marked by discriminatory principles, both regionally and ethnically.
Figures like Mgr Léon-Paul Classe and André Perraudin were prominent in the Catholic Church in Rwanda, teaching at institutions like the Saint-Léon seminary in Kabgayi and the Nyakibanda seminary. Despite their contributions, history reveals divisions and schisms.
In June 1916, towards the end of World War I, the Germans, led by Captain Wintgens (Tembasi), retreated before superior Belgian forces, placing Rwanda under Belgian colonial control.
{{Dark moments for Rwandans}}
Unlike the German colonizers, the Belgians adopted a radically different policy upon their arrival in Rwanda. Ignoring the king, they directly imposed their orders on Rwandans, compelling them to engage in various forced labor activities.
During Belgian rule, religious leaders supported by the Catholic Church favored the Tutsis, elevating them to positions of power, especially in tea and coffee plantations where Rwandans were coerced into labor. Severe punishments, known as “shiku,” were imposed for incomplete work.
This policy, encapsulated in the phrase “divide to rule,” allowed the Belgians to convince the Hutus that the Tutsis had long oppressed them, sparking the need for change.
Racist ideologies advocated by figures like Mgr Classe, finding favor among the Belgians, spread in schools and other spheres of public life.
The so-called revolution of 1959, led by the Hutus with the support of the Catholic Church, resulted in persecutions against the Tutsis. Their homes were set ablaze, their belongings looted, and some were killed. This marked the prelude to Rwanda’s independence in 1962, an independence still influenced by Belgian colonialists.
Dr. Gakwenzire Philbert, President of Ibuka, criticizes past Rwandan leaders for their short-term vision, highlighting their continued adherence to colonial principles at the expense of unity and national development.
He states, “When the colonizers arrived in Rwanda, they established schools. The school, called Indatwa in Kinyarwanda, formed an official group of scholars. However, the graduates of these schools were mainly ‘assistants,’ meant to serve the Whites. As a result, leaders of the First and Second Republics, benefitting from an education, regarded other Rwandans as their assistants rather than contributors to the country’s development.”
A striking example is Minister Nzirorera Joseph, who, as the head of MINITRAPE, prohibited the Central University of Rwanda, particularly its SCAP branch, from awarding degrees in “Engineering” to prevent graduates from competing with his own level of education.
{{The state’s role in ethnic segregation in schools}}
In 1969, under President Grégoire Kayibanda’s leadership, the Central Council of the Parmehutu Party decided to implement ethnic dominance controls in Rwandan schools. The policy’s implementation began during the 1972-1973 school year.
Antoine Mugesera, a former student at Christ-Roi School in Nyanza, reports that the school’s director, Father Canon Ernotte, addressed President Kayibanda in a letter dated February 21, 1973. He questioned the reasons behind the ethnic dominance surveillance in secondary schools and raised concerns about the killing of Tutsi intellectuals.
In response, Kayibanda affirmed that this inspection program had been approved by the national administration and must be implemented without hindrance.
During this period, several Tutsi students, including Yosiya Senyonga, who had passed the entrance exam to the National University of Rwanda, were denied access to higher education.
Starting from February 1973, it became extremely difficult for Tutsi children to access the Central University of Rwanda. Tutsi high school students began to be persecuted, and those working for the government or in the private sector were gradually dismissed.
This policy led to a true national tragedy: the elimination of educated Tutsis and the flight of survivors to neighboring countries such as Uganda, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
Simultaneously, another phenomenon emerged: the replacement of positions by individuals from families favored by the leaders, a process marked by corruption and nepotism. This situation represented a significant loss for the country, as competent individuals were sidelined in favor of less qualified people.
{{Discrimination policy is a dead end}}
From the Belgian colonial era to the First Republic, Rwandan political parties were primarily based on ethnic criteria, predominantly favoring the Hutus, often referred to as ‘the people.’ With the exception of the UNAR party, most politicians of this period favored discriminatory and divisive policies, ultimately leading to theGenocide against the Tutsis.
The Second Republic, established in 1973 under President Juvénal Habyarimana, claimed to correct the mistakes of its predecessor, Grégoire Kayibanda. However, it continued to follow a similar political line.
Apart from 13 politicians and a few other notable figures who opposed the genocide plan against the Tutsis in 1994, denouncing injustice and fighting for truth, the majority aligned with the government’s deadly policies.
During the closing of the 29th week of commemoration of the Genocide against the Tutsi, the Minister of National Unity and Civic Education, Jean Damascène Bizimana, emphasized that few politicians, not involved in the persecutions, had the courage to oppose the murderous policy. He stated that without the ‘Hutu Power’ extremists, it would not have been possible to kill more than a million Tutsis across the country.
In addition to the victims of this genocide, many Tutsis were also killed in earlier attempts at genocide in the years before 1994.
The Rwandan economy, between 1973 and 1980, experienced a slowdown in its growth, dropping from 6.5% to 2.9%, a trend that continued until 1990. From 1990 to 1994, the economy underwent an average recession of 40%, severely affecting the country’s well-being.
After the country’s liberation, the RPF-Inkotanyi stopped the genocide and faced a nation depleted of its resources. Since then, Rwanda has embarked on a long path of reconstruction and now displays hope for development on the international stage.
Notably, 1,600 kilometers of tarmac roads have been constructed, connecting various regions and reducing travel times, exemplified by the Rukomo-Nyagatare road, enabling a shorter journey to Kigali.
Prime Minister, Dr. Edouard Ngirente has highlighted the impact of these developments, emphasizing the importance of roads like Base-Rukomo, Nyagatare, Kagitumba-Kayonza-Rusumo, Ngoma, Bugesera-Nyanza, Huye-Kibeho, Pindura, and Bweyeye in fostering connectivity and reducing isolation.
Moreover, the government exceeded its target of building 3,000 kilometers of feeder roads, with a total of 3,700 kilometers constructed and repaired. This initiative aimed to facilitate farmers in transporting their products to markets seamlessly.
In terms of lighting infrastructure, Prime Minister Dr. Ngirente reported the successful installation of lights on 2,160 kilometers of roads, against the planned 2,400 kilometers. The increased lighting not only enhances safety but also contributes to the overall development of the country.
Furthermore, the electrification efforts have been remarkable, with over 1.5 million new homes receiving electricity, increasing the overall electrification rate from 34% in 2017 to 74%. The government remains committed to achieving 100% electrification, addressing the remaining 26%.
Hydroelectric power plants, such as the Rusumo dam connecting Rwanda, Burundi, and Tanzania, have played a crucial role in expanding the electricity supply network. Additionally, to ensure access to clean water, seven water treatment plants were constructed.
The water processing capacity in Rwanda has nearly doubled since 2017, surpassing the initial goal of 303,000 cubic meters and reaching 330,000 cubic meters. These initiatives signify a comprehensive and transformative approach to infrastructure development in Rwanda, contributing to the nation’s overall progress and well-being.
