Before starting the match that saw APRFC beating Gicumbi with 2-0 at Gicumbi stadium on Sunday 13th February 2022, a minute of silence was observed in honour of late Lt Gen Musemakweli who died one year ago.
He served as the Chairman of APR FC from 2013 until January 2021.
After defeating Gicumbi, APRFC maintained the leading position with 37 points followed by Kiyovu Sports with 32 points.
The teams were facing off for the 16th day of the league’s first division.
The Rwanda Football Federation (FERWAFA) had announced that late Lt Gen Musemakweli would be honoured at the match, particularly reflecting on his contribution to the progress of football in Rwanda.
The federation also revealed via Twitter handle that it stands in solidarity with the APRFC family during the commemoration of Lt Gen Musemakweli.
Lt Gen Jacques Musemakweli breathed the last on 11th February 2021 at Kanombe Military Hospital where he was getting medical attention.
He was among RPA soldiers that liberated the country and stopped the 1994 Genocide against the Tutsi.
Lt Gen Musemakweli held different senior positions in RDF leadership including; commander of Republican Guards, Army Chief of Staff and Reserve Force Chief of Staff.
On 12th January 2018, President Paul Kagame and the Commander in Chief of RDF promoted Jacques Musemakweli from the rank of Major General to Lieutenant General.
Among others, Lt Gen Jacques Musemakweli once served as the commander of the Republican Guards prior to his appointment as Army Chief of Staff in 2016.
At the time, he was at the rank of Major General. In April 2019, Lt Gen Musemakweli was appointed the Commander of Reserve Forces prior to 3rd February 2019 when he became RDF Inspector General.
He served as the Chairman of APR FC from 2013 until January 2021 after taking post from Maj Gen Alex Kagame who was leaving for studies in China.
Lt Gen Musemakweli was recently replaced by Maj Gen Mubaraka Muganga to the position in January 2021.
He was serving as RDF Inspector General prior to his demise.
The multibillion eco-friendly homes are developed under a project dubbed ‘Bwiza Riverside Homes’ run by ADHI Rwanda Ltd.
ADHI Rwanda is a subsidiary of ADHI Corporate Group established in 2011 in Gabon.
The Bwiza Riverside affordable homes community project was designed primarily with first-time homeowners in mind. Qualifying buyers will choose from four distinct affordable home sizes and styles.
Each of housing units at the estate is estimated to cost between Rwf16 million and Rwf35 million.
Rwanda entered agreements with ADHI Rwanda Ltd in November 2020 to implement the project to be completed in five phases.
So far, seven model units have been completed. They are part of out of 245 units expected to be completed this year.
The unique construction method used in building ADHI homes consists largely of a patented system of light steel frames combined with lightweight concrete and other innovative elements to create green-certified homes.
The method results in 53% on-site energy savings and future cost savings for homeowners. Furthermore, Bwiza Riverside will use green infrastructure to develop a sustainable community with a low carbon footprint.
The government of Rwanda aims to create 150,000 new dwellings annually to meet the projected demand of 5.5 million dwellings by 2050. Through initiatives like the affordable housing program, the government seeks to address low and middle-income communities’ housing challenges.
As he inaugurated the project worth Rwf100 billion on Friday 11th February 2022, Kagame was accompanied by First Lady Jeannette Kagame.
The ceremony was attended by different dignitaries including Government officials, bank leaders, diplomats accredited to Rwanda and members of the private sector.
The Head of State said that he met Soleman Idd, the founder and Chairman of ADHI Group in a couple of years ago where he was taken through the technology in housing and how it can lead to achieving affordable housing for ‘our population’ particularly those without high income. As he explained, Kagame told the investor that he wanted to see what he was talking about.
“That is how he set up this model to demonstrate what is possible. Keeping faith with Soleman, I think we have arrived at having something standing by which we can judge that the problem we have had for a long time can be addressed. This is just the beginning. There is a lot of work to do,” he said.
President Kagame emphasized that there is need for training and materials that have to be accessed locally for the project’s sustainability.
He promised the investor that the Government of Rwanda will remain a strong partner.
“If we can move faster, that should be our aim. On the side of Government, we feel we should do whatever is possible within our means to have our people access the kind of affordable houses that are needed in so large numbers. But today, we saw what is possible; we are going to stick with it and will demand that every one of us in the Government system does what we can possibly do to make significant progress,” Kagame noted.
“We have partners who want to support the Government to be able to house our people. I think they have seen what is possible with this model. I also think, it invites all of us for this strong partnership we can forge to be able to achieve what needs to be done,” he added.
At least 300 million housing units are needed globally not later than 2030 to address housing needs particularly in the Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia.
Commenting on the project, Clare Akamanzi, RDB CEO, said: “We welcome the investment by ADHI in the provision of affordable housing. It boosts the government’s goal for urbanisation to reach 35 per cent by 2024. However, we need to see more houses being built as there is still a significant gap to meet the demand for affordable housing. We encourage more developers to take advantage of the existing incentives, which include the provision of infrastructures like roads, water and electricity, and a reduced corporate income tax of 15 per cent.”
During the unveiling, guests toured five completed model homes, which will serve as the “blueprints” for all other housing units to be built over the next two years. Upon completion of the development, Bwiza Riverside will comprise 1,680 affordable houses and 720 luxury units.
In addition to the affordable homes, ADHI Corporate has established a training academy for Innovative and Sustainable light steel frame construction. Academy students receive on-site, competence-based training to prepare them for future employment opportunities. As such, the academy students will form a key component in the building of Bwiza Riverside.
To ensure access to affordable financing, enabling more Rwandans to purchase homes in the project, ADHI Corporate has partnered with the Development Bank of Rwanda (BRD).
Commenting on the uniqueness of the housing project, Soleman Idd, the ADHI Chairman, said: “Our construction method is innovative yet uses proven technologies and materials that, when combined, result in faster, cheaper, stronger, and long-lasting buildings. Our built houses suffer minimum impact from the weather, seismic damage, wind and fire, rust, rot, and humidity. With our in-house training, skill development, certification and tools, we also empower both genders economically.”
{{About ADHI Corporate}}
The ADHI Corporate Group was established in 2011 in Gabon and is dedicated to innovation, sustainability and empowerment. Their sustainable construction method is a patented system that uses modular parts pre-made in a factory for faster and more affordable construction. This method addresses climate change concerns while providing homes that are well-suited to African climates.
The estate is a joint venture between The ADHI Corporate Group and the Government of Rwanda.
Rwanda entered agreements with ADHI Rwanda Ltd in November 2020 to implement the project to be completed in five phases.
So far, seven model units have been completed. They are part of out of 245 units expected to be completed this year.
Each of housing units at the estate is estimated to cost between Rwf16 million and Rwf35 million.
ADHI Rwanda is a subsidiary of ADHI Corporate Group established in 2011 in Gabon.
It deploys latest technology to build modern and affordable units for people of different economic backgrounds.
For the past ten years, the company has been building housing units with materials that reduce carbon emissions from the buildings.
ADHI Rwanda Ltd also runs a school dubbed ADHI Academy which trains people on constructing ecofriendly buildings. Graduates are hired to assist the company in its operations.
ADHI Academy project is expected to train 6250 not later than 2033.
The latter will be similar to Kinigi Model Village inaugurated in Musanze district last year in the context of Liberation Day. It will feature a market, schools, and connected with water and electricity. The village will also be comprised of sheds for residents’ livestock among others.
Early January 2022, IGIHE visited the plot of land where the village will be constructed in Nyiragongo Territory, in the plain located at the foothills of Nyiragongo volcano, few meters from Rwanda’s border with DRC in Busasamana sector of Rubavu district.
Demarcations separating individual’s parcels have been marked at the site. The plain is also home to Kanyanja camp accommodating people affected by Nyiragongo eruption. They are sheltered in provisional canvas tents awaiting completion of the model village.
A member of the camp’s management who got information from superiors, has told IGIHE that a village comprising of 7000 building units is set to be constructed on support of different donors including the wife of Joseph Kabila, Marie Olive Lembe di Sita known as Mama Olive.
He explained that they have started registering the first batch of beneficiaries once the model village is completed.
“Mama Oliva donated 2250 plots of land while the Government plans to build five thousand housing units. They are more than seven thousand in total. We have learnt that that the Government will build decent homes. Mama Oliva has already donated plots of land but the design of houses from her support is yet to be revealed,” he said.
{{Relief to beneficiaries}}
The majority of residents to be resettled are those living in the vicinity of Nyiragongo volcano particularly those with houses destroyed during the volcano’s eruption last year.
IGIHE has learnt that there are more citizens living in risky zones at the foothills of the volcano to be relocated.
James is among citizens living in Kanyanja camp in Nyiragongo Territory whose houses were destroyed by earthquakes.
“We live in the foothills of the volcano. Moving to that place will be helpful. This place we live in is very stony but I hope we can find arable land to grow vegetables once resettled,” he said.
James revealed, they are always scared that the volcano might erupt anytime.
“The place where the model village is set to be built is closer to Rwanda. When the volcano erupts again, it is possible to flee to Rwanda before magma reaches our residence, “he noted.
“We will be very thankful once the model village is completed,” James added.
Another Congolese identified as Kasongo has said that the construction of the model village should not be delayed to alley their worries.
“We are currently exposed to fire in the current residence because it can take long to reach Rwanda. That is why we need to be relocated to the village nearby Rwanda’s border to be safe from eruption’s risk,” he said.
{{Water scarcity}}
Citizens living in the foothills of Nyiragongo continue to endure hard life due to eruption’s devastating effects despite the support from various organizations operating in the area.
Their arable land has turned rocky following eruption but reveal that water scarcity is the most pressing issue. Some residents have said that it has been long without receiving water that was previously supplied by MONUSCO.
The place neither has markets nor access to water. They mainly rely on rain water while others have to walk for an hour to fetch water in Goma. Kasongo says that the village comes in handy as it will be connected with water.
One of the camp’s managers expressed worries that some people might die during times of hot sun in February and March.
“We are extremely desperate as we wonder how we will get along at this border without water. Some people might die if it doesn’t rain,” he said.
There is no source water nearby the construction site but DRC mulled discussions with Rwanda to connect water to the village.
The village was initially expected to be inaugurated on 4th July 2022 coinciding with Rwanda’s 28th Liberation Day but construction activities are still in the initial phases.
Nyiragongo’s eruption on 22nd May 2021 destroyed several infrastructures, took lives over 32 and left many people displaced.
The eruption saw Congolese nationals fleeing to Rwanda where they were warmly welcomed until they returned home.
Few days later, Kagame appealed for global support to manage the crisis on the border with DRC.
The volcanic eruption was reported to have destroyed hundreds of houses, water and electricity supply systems that some parts of Goma were left in blackout and pulled electricity from Rwanda.
On his visit to DRC in June last year, Kagame and Tshisekedi toured Kibati road among other infrastructures damaged by volcanic eruption.
Nyusi was last in Rwanda in April last year seeking support to fight terrorists in his country.
Following the request, Rwanda started deploying the joint troops of Rwanda National Police and Rwanda Defence Force that have so far reached nearly 2000.
Rwanda’s Presidency has via Twitter handle revealed that both Heads of State have discussed the good progress that has been made between Rwanda and Mozambique in the ongoing cooperation towards securing Cabo Delgado as well as other areas of bilateral collaboration.
President Kagame’s latest visit to Mozambique was in September 2021 where he interacted with Rwandan troops deployed to fight insurgents in the country.
Nyusi comes to Rwanda following his visit to European countries where he requested the European Union to support joint operations conducted by Rwandan soldiers and SADC forces to fight insurgents in Cabo Delgado.
The Ambassador of the European Union (EU) delegation to Rwanda, Nicola Bellomo recently said that the bloc is holding discussions with Rwanda to determine needed support to its interventions to fight insurgents in Mozambique.
He made the revelation on Tuesday 25th January 2022, during the annual Article 8 Dialogue that took place at the headquarters of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation in Kimihurura.
Amb. Nicola Bellomo said that such dialogue is a good platform to share ideas on areas of cooperation between Rwanda and EU including trade and investment, governance, unity and reconciliation among others.
He also reminisced on cooperation with EU and the African continent, integration efforts and foreign policy.
“In this context, I will refer to operations in Mozambique. I am confident this dialogue will provide additional elements to inform the ongoing discussion on possible EU support to Rwanda and to identify new avenues to promote and preserve peace and security on the continent,” he said.
He was speaking at the swearing-in ceremony of recently appointed leaders including the Minister of Infrastructure, Dr. Ernest Nsabimana.
The Head of State also reminisced on various issues including Rwanda’s security and state of relations with neighbouring countries among others.
He particularly singled out security matters and armed groups including FDLR which has been roaming in DRC.
“Our enemy who has been there for the last 25 years is still there. What was put in place to address this issue, instead looks like it is being used to nurture the problem and helping it to continue to grow. It seems like it is being used as a way to keep some people employed and paid under the pretext that they are addressing this problem.” He said.
“I cannot understand how this issue can last for over 20 years, costs billions of dollars but never gets solved. There is something incomprehensible here,” Kagame added.
UN deployed peacekeeping troops to Eastern DRC in 1999 under the United Nations Mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUC) which was later changed to the United Nations Organization Stabilization Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUSCO).
23 years on, peace has not yet been restored in the region but armed groups continue to increase despite the huge budget of more than Rwf1000 billion spent annually.
President Kagame said, Rwanda is ready to deal with the issue that lingered for several years.
{{Rwanda is standby}}
Last year, Rwanda National Police (RNP) in collaboration with Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB) paraded before the media, 13 people who were arrested for planning to conduct terrorist attacks in different parts of the City of Kigali.
At the time, RNP revealed that the suspects were arrested with different improvised explosive devices (IEDs) materials that include; wires, nails, phones, explosives and videos for radicalization.
They were arrested at different times in Kigali City, Rusizi and Nyabihu districts.
The suspects disclosed that they were assigned to shatter different buildings including Kigali City Tower, Downtown and others in Nyabugogo.
Investigation report proved that arrested suspects worked with a terrorist group known as Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) linked to the Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS).
ADF operates in the Eastern part of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) in North Kivu.
The suspects revealed that the attacks were plotted in revenge for Rwanda’s intervention in Cabo Delgado.
As he delivered remarks recently, President Kagame said that Rwanda closely follows up on security issues in DRC because armed groups operating there have started plans to destabilize Rwanda.
He revealed that it is possible for ADF to work with FDLR as terror outfits sharing plans to threaten Rwanda.
Kagame said that Rwanda is following up what is happening in DRC due to the presence of FDLR and other armed groups that might cooperate with ADF. The Head of State underscored that the country will play its part to fix these issues conveniently.
“We consider several mechanisms including negotiations, there are times we plead, there are times we ask, but if need be, there are instances when we don’t do neither and instead act on the matter accordingly,” he noted.
The President said that currently, leaders have come together to negotiate for common ground, but should the issue turn out to be a threat to Rwanda, “We are ready to step up, and defend our territory. Our main priority which is security for Rwandans.”
The speech made members of the public wonder if Rwandan soldiers might enter DRC territory to fight armed groups as the case in 1997 when remnants of the genocidal forces plotted attacks to Rwanda.
Gatete Nyiringabo Ruhumuriza, one of political analysts following up regional issues has told IGIHE there should be no reasons hindering Rwanda’s intervention in DRC in case MONUSCO fails.
“Should MONUSCO fail to solve the issue, Rwanda will intervene in DRC if it turns out to be necessary. Rwanda cannot keep quiet on people disturbing us as they groan nearby our bed yet it has restored peace in Mozambique,” he said.
However, Gatete observed, President Kagame did not affirm that Rwandan soldiers are set to enter DRC territory.
Commenting on whether Rwandan and Uganda soldiers might work together to decimate ADF as they have entered a new area of normalizing ties, Gatete explained that Rwanda does not need to heavily rely on bilateral relations to solve its problems.
“Having started to normalize relations with Uganda is a commendable step that might ease the work but failure to reach common ground cannot prevent us from solving issues,” he said.
Tite Gatabazi, a journalist and political analyst observed that Rwanda needs discussions with DRC before entering its territory to maintain existing cordial relations between the two countries.
“It requires DRC’s consent. Otherwise, it can trigger conflicts,” he noted.
Taking into account the current situation, Gatabazi also explained that Rwandan soldiers are not likely to return to DRC given that FDLR is on the brink of defeat following the death of top commanders.
Rwanda and DRC enjoy cooperation agreements in different areas including security.
The Head of State hosted the legends on Wednesday 9th February 2022 at Village Urugwiro.
They were accompanied by their families and different officials including the CEO of Rwanda Development Board (RDB), Clare Akamanzi and the Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Sports, Shema Maboko Didier.
Kagame is a prominent fan of Arsenal FC.
The two Arsenal legends have been in Rwanda for five-day visit related to agreements signed between RDB and Arsenal to promote Rwanda’s visibility through Visit Rwanda campaign.
During their stay in Rwanda, they visited different touristic attractions of the country including Nyungwe and Virunga National Parks.
Before meeting with President Kagame, Robert Pires and Ray Parlour interacted with Arsenal fans in Rwanda at Kigali Serena Hotel on the same day.
As they met with fans, the duo revealed that they enjoyed memorable experience in Rwanda particularly hiking, visiting gorillas and other parts of the country being with friends and families.
Arsenal and RDB initially teamed up back in 2018 with Visit Rwanda becoming the Gunners’ official tourism partner, as well as the club’s first sleeve sponsor. That contract was reportedly worth US$30 million over three years.
By the end of the first year of the partnership, Rwanda’s tourism revenue increased by 17% to US$498 million in 2019 from US$425 million in 2018.
Leisure tourists from Europe increased by 22% and by 17% from the UK.
In 2021, RDB announced that the partnership with Arsenal Football Club was extended whereby the ‘Visit Rwanda’ logo will continue to feature on the Premier League club’s left sleeve.
At the time, RDB announced that the renewed partnership will build on the gains made over the last 3 years and ‘contribute towards Rwanda’s economic recovery strategy following the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly in the tourism sector’.
The ex-convicts are Protais Zigiranyirazo, Maj Francois Nzuwonemeye, Capt Innocent Sagahutu, Col Alphonse Nteziryayo, Lt Col Tharcisse Muvunyi, André Ntagerura, Col Anatole Nsengiyumva and Prosper Mugiraneza.
They were transferred to Niger in December 2021 as per agreements signed with the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals (IRMCT).
Rwanda expressed concerns that it was not consulted for the transfer of its citizens to a third country.
Today, Niger has already returned these Rwandans to Arusha to the headquarters of IRMCT awaiting transfer to a third country.
The Deputy Spokesperson of the Government of Rwanda, Alain Mukurarinda has told IGIHE that Rwanda did not take part of discussions leading to returning these Rwandans to Arusha.
“Rwanda was not involved in agreements signed between Niger and the International Residual Mechanism for Criminal Tribunals because signatories have total rights to do so. However, it would be better if Niger as a partner country informed Rwanda on the collaboration with Arusha court because it concerns Rwandans,” he said.
On 1st February 2022, Rwanda’s Minister of Justice wrote to the Chairperson of UN Security Council, Vasily Nebenzya which also oversees works of IRMCT expressing Rwanda’s concerns over the eight Rwandans transferred to Niger.
In the letter seen by IGIHE, the Minister of Justice, Dr. Emmanuel Ugirashebuja has said that Rwanda is ready to host these nationals if they are willing.
He said, Rwanda has experience in reintegrating Genocide convicts who finished their sentence noting that the eight Rwandans are welcome.
“There is no reason for IRMCT to continue carrying unnecessary load of people whose home country is willing to host them. It is against its mandate,” Mukuralinda revealed.
These Rwandans have been denying transfer to Rwanda claiming that their security would not be guaranteed. However, the Government of Rwanda says that there are other nationals deported after finishing their sentence.
In letter sent to UN Security Council, Minister Ugirashebuja also said that negotiating third parties for released convicts is not part of IRMCT‘s mandate.
He explained that it is unusual for courts to continue interfering with cases of released or acquitted convicts and demanded action to counter related negative impact to the international justice.
In 2014, Reuters reported that UN spends US$1500 every month on each of Rwandans tried by the court based in Arusha.
The money is used to cater for accommodation, communication, food and security among others.
Minister Ugirashebuja has said contributions raised by UN country members should not be spent to people whose countries accept to welcome them.
Rwanda has through the letter requested the UN Security Council to send these Rwandans home assuring their protection.
The Deputy Government Spokesperson, Mukuralinda has said that Rwanda is ready to welcome them.
“Rwanda is ready to host them whenever they are willing to come. However, they have rights to refuse. Rwanda will not put pressure on anyone to return home but will not cease expressing its views on matters concerning its nationals,” he said.
Many countries, including those where their families live and those from where they were arrested, have denied residence to these individuals owing to their role in the Genocide.
After receiving them on 6th December 2021, the authorities of Niger later issued an order on December 27, 2021 requiring, for diplomatic reasons, that the eight leave the territory of Niger within seven days of notification of the expulsion order. A court filing indicated that Niger’s decision was that the presence of these men on its territory constituted a threat to public order and national security.
On 31st December 2021, a United Nations court ordered Niger to suspend its expulsion of eight Rwandans.
Bahati’s disappearance first reported towards the beginning of the year 2021.
It is reported that he went missing in Nyanza district, Southern Province.
CP John Bosco Kabera has told IGIHE that he learnt about Bahati’s disappearance upon information provided by Rwanda Investigation Bureau (RIB).
“Police followed up the issue after learning about the disappearance. Conducted investigation came up with details that will be communicated in coming days,” he said.
The Spokesperson of RIB, Dr. Murangira B. Thierry has told IGIHE that the disappearance was reported to Busasamana RIB Post in Nyanza district on 9th February 2021.
“RIB started investigation as soon as he was reported missing. I hope the investigation findings will be disseminated in one or two weeks,” he said.
Bahati’s disappearance is not the first case of a missing person reported to RIB.
He was mostly renowned for his poem dubbed ‘Rubebe’.
Kagame made the revelation as he officiated the swearing-in ceremony of recently appointed leaders including the Minister of Infrastructure, Dr. Erneste Nsanzimana and the State Minister in the same ministry, Patricia Uwase.
“Starting with Burundi, our leaders have been meeting with Burundian counterparts. Recently, the President of Burundi sent envoys with a message, all aimed at continuing to improve the relations between our two countries. There is good progress that we are happy about,” he said.
“As we move forward, our bilateral relationship will continue to improve. Burundians and Rwandans will be living together as it used to be and should be. What used to be a security issue at the border in Kibira and Nyungwe , people who cross to attack Rwanda and then disappear in Kibira; we are working with Burundi and are coming to an understanding to address this issue permanently,” Kagame added.
The Head of State further stated that those behind the issue will face even worse consequences.
On relations with Uganda, Kagame said that there are issues that triggered the closure of Gatuna border highlighting that his discussions with the envoy of President Museveni, Lt Gen Muhoozi Kainerugaba left both countries reaching consensus on the way forward.
“Rwanda closed the border. But there was a reason for closing it. People did not wake up one morning and decide the close the border. The problem has always been that the border cannot be reopened unless the root causes that led to this closure are resolved. he said. Recently, Uganda sent envoys. But there were other who used to come and it used to be arguments with no conclusions. The envoy from Uganda brought a message and in our conversation, we agreed that there is something we can all do,” he said.
“I maintained that opening the border would be good but opening the border without addressing the reason it was closed would be wrong and would not work. We agreed that reasons for the closure will be resolved.
The border has been reopened; Uganda has been taking steps to resolve the issues that led to the border’s closure. We are following it up closely, we are discussing it with them and I believe we are on a good path,” Kagame added.
Among cited reasons that led to the border’s closure, Kagame pointed arrests of Rwandans who were accused of being spies. He explained that it would be weird to conduct espionage using people all age groups including young people, middle-aged people and others in their advanced ages.
On the other hand, Kagame said that Rwandans claiming to have issues with their country were welcomed while those fond of Rwanda were easy preys.
“If you remember well, there are people who attacked Kinigi. The few remnant attackers [others were killed] crossed to Uganda where they were welcomed. They told us that the remnant assailants were imprisoned but we later heard that they returned to their hideouts in Congo. We discussed all these issues with Ugandan leaders,” he said.
The Head of State further stated that enemies of Rwanda living inside or outside the country ‘will end up in vain’.
He revealed that Gatuna border was reopened in adherence to COVID-19 preventive measures where health officials from both countries can agree on guidelines to prevent risks.
Kagame also said that Rwanda wishes peace for the country and the country noting that the country remains standby to defend its sovereignty.
“What we hope for is peace in our country, in the region and for everyone. We do not wish insecurity and lack of peace on anyone. But for those who wish us war, we are ready to fight. We have professionals who are trained to do it and who do it well, whether here or elsewhere,” he noted.
The President disclosed that Rwanda’s doctrine as a small country ‘is to meet the threat where it is coming from. We do not allow it to come to us’.
