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The UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said there were reports of dozens of people killed or injured Wednesday at one of those hubs.

“In the past week, severe injuries continued to be reported among people seeking aid,” OCHA said. “The World Health Organization (WHO) reported one instance where a 21-year-old man was paralyzed for life after being shot while trying to collect a bag of flour from one of the militarized hubs.”

The WHO was referring to the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation (GHF), founded by a private U.S. group and currently funded by the U.S. government. Contrary to established international humanitarian norms for distributing relief in local communities, the GHF set up four sites in the whole of Gaza in restricted Israeli military zones, where starving civilians enter through fenced lanes under the eyes of armed security contractors. Chaos results in gunfire.

OCHA said that months of escalating hostilities in Gaza have increased risks for the most vulnerable, including people with disabilities and older adults, who struggle to access what they need to survive.

The humanitarians said one of their partners found in a survey that more than 80 percent of people with disabilities in Gaza have lost wheelchairs, hearing aids, walkers and other assistive devices, having to endure many challenges, including the denial of access to humanitarian aid, discrimination, stigmatization and exposure to explosive ordnance.

The UN Population Fund (UNFPA) reported that domestic violence, sexual exploitation and abuse are on the rise in the Gaza Strip. Several safe spaces offering shelter, psychological support and coping mechanisms for women and girls have shut down or are functioning at reduced capacity.

UNFPA reported that the situation in Gaza is harrowing for women and girls. Pregnant women are delivering babies in the dark, with no electricity and no skilled care to treat potential complications. Thousands of mothers are starving.

OCHA said that in Al Mawasi and Gaza City, Doctors Without Borders reported treating more than 1,200 pregnant, breastfeeding women and children with severe and moderate malnutrition in their clinics. Between May and July, the number of people enrolled for treatment at its Gaza City clinic quadrupled, including hundreds of children under the age of 2, said the organization.

OCHA said that while small quantities of fuel entered Gaza again on Tuesday through the Kerem Shalom/Karem Abu Salem border crossing, severe supply shortages continue to threaten life-saving operations at hospitals, medical services and equipment, as well as telecommunications and water, sanitation and hygiene facilities.

“In northern Gaza, partners rehabilitated a well to try to address critical water shortages,” OCHA said. “Although this will hopefully support patients and medical staff with hundreds of cubic meters every day, it is far from sufficient to meet people’s needs.”

UN agencies and their partners reiterated that hundreds of thousands of liters of fuel are critically needed every day to alleviate the crisis and address a dire situation.

OCHA said that after four months of sweeping Israeli restrictions on the entry of humanitarian assistance into Gaza, nearly all displacement sites reported people sleeping in the open, with no means of protection. No shelter supplies have entered during this period.

“This catastrophic situation must end. A ceasefire is long overdue,” said the humanitarian office.

Among the most notable appointments are new chief executives for the Water and Sanitation Corporation (WASAC) and the Rwanda Information Society Authority (RISA), both of which play crucial roles in Rwanda’s infrastructure and digital transformation agendas.

Dr Asaph Kabaasha has been appointed Chief Executive Officer of WASAC, replacing Prof Omar Munyaneza, while Antoine Sebera will take over as CEO of RISA, succeeding Innocent Muhizi.

At RISA, the new CEO will be supported by Roger Mizero as Chief Technology Officer and Innocent Asiimwe Mudenge as Chief Operations and Strategy Officer.

Muhizi, who had served as CEO of RISA since 2017 and oversaw major advances in digital infrastructure and e-governance, has been appointed Rwanda’s High Commissioner to the Republic of Singapore.

In the new appointments announced by Prime Minister Édouard Ngirente, the Cabinet also confirmed Hortense Mudenge as the new CEO of the Kigali International Financial Centre, succeeding Nick Barigye, who was recently named CEO of Crystal Ventures Group.

Meanwhile, Francis Kamanzi, CEO of the Rwanda Mines, Petroleum and Gas Board (RMB), has been appointed Director General of the Rwanda Cooperative Agency. Claude Mwizerwa takes up the role of Deputy Director General at the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda.

In a further restructuring, the Rwanda Demobilisation and Reintegration Commission welcomed a new leadership team. Valerie Nyirahabineza has been named Chairperson, with Maj Gen (Rtd) Jacques Nziza as Vice Chairperson. They are joined by newly appointed members Dancille Nyirarugero, Jacqueline Muhongayire, and Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi.

Appointments were also made across several ministries. Dr Muhammed Semakula becomes the new Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Health, while Gisèle Umuhumuza has been named Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Infrastructure.

The Ministry of Environment now has Fidèle Bingwa as Permanent Secretary, and Candy Basomingera has taken up the same role in the Ministry of Sports. In the Ministry in charge of Emergency Management, Aristarque Ngoga was appointed Permanent Secretary.

In Parliament, Alphonsine Mirembe has been appointed Clerk of the Chamber of Deputies. Within the City of Kigali, Gabriel Nduwayezu has been named Chief Digital Officer.

Diplomatic changes were also confirmed, with Ambassador Vincent Karega proposed to represent Rwanda in Algeria.

The Cabinet further ratified the historic peace agreement signed on 27 June 2025 between Rwanda and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), during talks held in Washington D.C. and mediated by the United States.

The agreement is considered a major step forward in addressing Rwanda’s security concerns and promoting peace and stability in the Great Lakes Region. Rwanda reaffirmed its commitment to implementing the agreement and expressed optimism about the ongoing Doha Talks, which are being facilitated by the State of Qatar with the support of the African Union.

Additionally, the Cabinet approved the ratification of a loan agreement with the OPEC Fund for International Development to finance the Centre of Excellence for Aviation Skills. Another ratified agreement was a tax treaty with the Federal Republic of Nigeria, aimed at eliminating double taxation and curbing tax evasion and avoidance, measures expected to encourage greater cross-border investment and trade.

Cabinet members were also briefed on the significant progress in Rwanda’s mining sector, which continues to experience growth in production, investment, and the discovery of high-value minerals. In line with this, several mineral, quarry, and exploration licences were approved.

One of the major outcomes of the meeting was the approval of a draft law ratifying the Peace Agreement between the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the Republic of Rwanda.

This agreement, signed in Washington D.C. on June 27, 2025, under the mediation of the United States, marks a crucial step in addressing Rwanda’s long-standing security concerns.

It aims to restore peace and stability in the Great Lakes Region and promote deeper regional economic integration.

The Government emphasized its commitment to the full implementation of this agreement and expressed hope for the conclusion of the Doha Talks, currently facilitated by the State of Qatar with the support of the African Union.

The Cabinet was also briefed on the progress made in Rwanda’s mining sector, which continues to play an important role in the country’s economic transformation.

The sector has recorded substantial growth in production, investment, and the discovery of high-value minerals. As part of efforts to sustain this momentum, the Cabinet approved several new applications for mineral, quarry, and exploration licenses.

In addition, the Cabinet approved several draft laws. Among them was the draft law ratifying a loan agreement between the Government of Rwanda and the OPEC Fund for International Development, related to the Centre of Excellence for Aviation Skills project signed in Vienna, Austria.

Another approved draft law concerns the ratification of an agreement between Rwanda and the Federal Republic of Nigeria, aimed at eliminating double taxation on income taxes and preventing tax evasion and avoidance, which was signed in Abuja, Nigeria.

In a diplomatic development, the Cabinet approved the accreditation of Lieutenant General (Rtd) Peter Kakowou Lavahun as High Commissioner of the Republic of Sierra Leone to Rwanda, with residence in Nairobi.

The Cabinet also made a number of important appointments across various ministries and public institutions.

Ambassador Vincent Karega was proposed as Rwanda’s Ambassador to the People’s Democratic Republic of Algeria, while Innocent Muhizi was named as the proposed High Commissioner to the Republic of Singapore. Alphonsine Mirembe was appointed as Clerk of the Chamber of Deputies.

In the Ministry of Health, Dr. Muhammed Semakula was appointed as Permanent Secretary, and Sophie Nzabananimana as Director General of Corporate Services.

The Ministry of Infrastructure saw the appointment of Gisèle Umuhumuza as Permanent Secretary and Canoth Manishimwe as Director General of Corporate Services.

In the Ministry of Environment, Fidèle Bingwa was appointed as Permanent Secretary, while Candy Basomingera took up the same role in the Ministry of Sports.

Among others, Aristarque Ngogawas named Permanent Secretary in the Ministry in charge of Emergency Management, Prudence Biraboneye was named Secretary General of the National Public Prosecution Authority, while Ambassador Jeanine Kambanda became Secretary General of the National Commission for Human Rights.

At the Water and Sanitation Corporation, Dr. Asaph Kabaasha was appointed Chief Executive Officer, and Hortense Mudenge was named Chief Executive Officer of the Kigali International Financial Center.

The Cabinet also approved appointments to commissions and government agencies.

Valerie Nyirahabineza was appointed Chairperson of the Rwanda Demobilization and Reintegration Commission, with Major General (Rtd) Jacques Nziza as Vice Chairperson. Members included Dancille Nyirarugero, Jacqueline Muhongayire, and Jean Marie Vianney Gatabazi.

Claudine Dushimimana was appointed Chairperson of the Rwanda Law Reform Commission, with Andre Bucyana as Secretary General.

At the Rwanda Information Society Authority, Antoine Sebera was named Chief Executive Officer, Roger Mizero as Chief Technology Officer, and Innocent Asiimwe Mudenge as Chief of Operations and Strategy.

Claude Mwizerwa was appointed Deputy Director General of the National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda, and Francis Kamanzi was named Director General of the Rwanda Cooperative Agency.

At Rwanda Development Board, Sheja Valliére has been appointed as Chief of Strategy and Communications, while Maëva Seka Haguma became Deputy Chief Executive Officer of the Rwanda Convention Bureau.

Gabriel Nduwayezu was also appointed Chief Digital Officer of the City of Kigali.

He made the remarks on July 15, 2025, during a visit to Legacy Clinics & Diagnostics in Kigali, one of the private medical facilities working closely with the Government of Rwanda to promote high-quality healthcare.

Legacy Clinics has been highlighted as a model for successful collaboration between the Czech Republic, the Rwandan government, and private sector players.

This partnership includes the provision of medical equipment from Czech companies, the training of medical personnel, and other technical assistance.

Minister Kozák commended the clinic’s focus on maternal and child health, which aligns with the Czech Republic’s development priorities, noting that such alignment strengthens cooperation and yields tangible results.

“I believe the opportunity goes beyond just improving Rwanda’s healthcare system,” he said. “There’s a real chance to make Rwanda a hub for healthcare in the region, and we see many sectors where we can collaborate.”

He also highlighted innovation and the potential role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in healthcare as key areas the Czech Republic is eager to explore further with Rwanda.

The two countries have an existing partnership focused on training Rwandan medical specialists in three core areas: gynecologic oncology, plastic surgery, and traumatology (the branch of medicine focused on the study and treatment of injuries caused by physical trauma, such as accidents or violence).

Czech medical teams visit Rwanda three to four times a year, performing between 40 and 50 surgeries per visit while training 70 to 80 Rwandan healthcare professionals in different departments.

The collaboration also includes opportunities for Rwandan doctors to receive advanced training in Czech medical universities, with five Rwandan doctors travelling there annually to enhance their expertise.

Dr. Fernand Rwamwejo, Deputy Head of Health Workforce Development Department, Ministry of Health, emphasised the importance of close collaboration between public and private hospitals in improving national healthcare delivery.

“The doctors we train often work in private facilities like this one. Strengthening collaboration between public and private hospitals is vital for increasing the overall capacity to serve patients. The support Legacy Clinics receives, including medical supplies and ambulances, complements the government’s efforts,” Dr. Rwamwejo said.

Jean Malic Kalima, the Chairman of Legacy Clinics & Diagnostics, praised the Ministry of Health for easing access to medical supplies and promoting equity between public and private hospitals.

“The Ministry is working to ensure that what is available in public hospitals is also accessible to private ones. This inclusiveness has made a noticeable difference,” Kalima stated.

In 2024 alone, Legacy Clinics & Diagnostics served over 117,000 patients across its 23 departments. Among the new services introduced last year is plastic surgery, which focuses on repairing and reconstructing various parts of the body.

The discussion followed the formal announcement of bilateral relations between Rwanda and Turkmenistan on Monday, July 14, marking a significant milestone in both countries’ foreign policy engagement.

The ministers’ conversation focused on the newly established ties and the upcoming Third United Nations Conference on Landlocked Developing Countries (LLDCs), scheduled to take place in Awaza, Turkmenistan, from August 5 to 8.

The formalisation of diplomatic ties was sealed at a signing ceremony held at the United Nations Headquarters in New York.

Rwanda’s Permanent Representative to the UN, Ambassador Martin Ngoga, and Turkmenistan’s Permanent Representative, Ambassador Aksoltan Ataeva, signed a joint communiqué on behalf of their respective governments.

Speaking after the ceremony, Ambassador Ngoga expressed optimism about the future of Rwanda–Turkmenistan relations and reaffirmed Rwanda’s commitment to engaging in multilateral cooperation to tackle shared global challenges.

Both nations pledged to collaborate closely within the UN framework, particularly in areas of common interest such as trade, connectivity, and sustainable development — key themes of the forthcoming LLDC summit.

The Third UN Conference on LLDCs will bring together member states, development partners, and international institutions under the theme Driving Progress Through Partnerships.

The summit aims to address the structural challenges faced by landlocked countries, such as high transport costs and limited access to global markets, and to explore strategies for boosting economic resilience and regional integration.

Turkmenistan, the summit’s host, is a landlocked Central Asian country bordered by Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Afghanistan, and Iran, with the Caspian Sea to the west. With a population of over 7 million, it has maintained a policy of neutrality in international affairs and is currently led by President Serdar Berdimuhamedow.

Rwanda, one of Africa’s most dynamic landlocked nations, is expected to contribute to discussions on how countries without direct sea access can unlock their economic potential through infrastructure investment, regional partnerships, and policy innovation.

Amb. Nduhungirehe arrived in Chad on July 15, accompanied by Aimable Havugiyaremye, Secretary General of the National Intelligence and Security Service (NISS).

On the first day of the visit, Minister Nduhungirehe was received by his Chadian counterpart, Dr. Abdoulaye Sabre Fadoul. The two officials held discussions on areas of mutual interest.

On July 16, the Rwandan delegation met with President Déby and senior members of his administration to further strengthen ties between the two nations.

President Mahamat Idriss Déby Itno assumed office following the death of his father, Maréchal Idriss Déby Itno, in April 2021.

Rwanda and Chad enjoy long-standing diplomatic relations. In March 2022, President Déby visited Kigali, where he expressed gratitude to President Kagame for Rwanda’s continued solidarity during challenging periods, particularly in the face of Boko Haram attacks and the aftermath of his father’s death.

At the time, President Déby said Chad was drawing inspiration from Rwanda’s governance and post-conflict recovery experience, praising its transformation over the past 31 years as a model for development across the continent.

In response, President Kagame underscored the importance of unity and cooperation in tackling shared development challenges.

During the 2022 visit, Rwanda and Chad signed cooperation agreements aimed at promoting trade and investment between the two countries.

Chad, a landlocked nation surrounded by regions affected by insecurity, remains particularly vulnerable to threats from extremist groups like Boko Haram. Its capital, N’Djamena, is situated near northern Nigeria, a region often targeted by the group.

Reports that began circulating last week indicate that several individuals closely associated with General Tshiwewe have been arrested.

Among those detained are Major General Maurice Nyembo, Lieutenant Colonel Adelart Mwiza, and several of Tshiwewe’s personal bodyguards.

According to local media, Augustin Kabuya, Secretary-General of the ruling Union for Democracy and Social Progress (UDPS), informed party members on July 15, 2025, that General Tshiwewe is suspected of orchestrating a plan to kill the Head of State.

“Apparently, people don’t see the gravity of this situation,” Kabuya said. “Someone sits calmly, consults with his associates, and plans to kill a man, a father, a grandfather, the President, and people think he shouldn’t be held accountable?”

He further claimed that during questioning by security services, Gen Tshiwewe did not deny the allegations.

“Serious people know the harm he has done, and he himself did not deny it, meaning he is sitting there saying he was going to kill him,” Kabuya said.

During his time as Chief of General Staff, Gen Tshiwewe had publicly condemned acts of betrayal within the military, particularly amid the ongoing conflict in eastern DRC where the M23/AFC rebellion, reportedly backed by Rwanda, has seized vast territories.

Under the revised entry policy, first hinted at by the government in January and now fully in effect, travellers from eligible countries are no longer required to apply for an Electronic Travel Authorisation (eTA), complete visa forms, or pay any fees.

The exemption allows them to enter the country without prior authorisation and stay for up to 60 days. Nationals of East African Community (EAC) member states like Rwanda will continue to enjoy longer stays of up to six months, as provided for under regional free movement agreements.

A cabinet dispatch issued in January noted that while the broader goal is to facilitate travel across the continent, exceptions had to be made due to prevailing security risks in the two affected countries.

“As part of efforts to support open skies policies and promote tourism growth, a key proposal is to grant exemptions from e-visas to all African countries, except Somalia and Libya, for security reasons,” the statement read in part.

Kenya introduced its eTA system in January 2024 as a replacement for traditional visas. Although intended to simplify travel, the system attracted criticism for imposing what many saw as hidden fees and bureaucratic steps on travellers from previously visa-exempt countries.

The backlash was reflected in Kenya’s sharp drop in the Africa Visa Openness Index, falling 17 places to rank 46th out of 54 countries.

To address the concerns, the government promised further reforms, including a new passenger information system to streamline entry procedures and strengthen border security.

Authorities also plan to fast-track eTA approvals for travellers still subject to the system, with processing times expected to be reduced to 72 hours or less.