{"id":40337,"date":"2025-12-08T14:20:51","date_gmt":"2025-12-08T14:20:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/Quel-est-le-potentiel-du-Rwanda-sur-le-marche-des-terres-rares-qui-a-attire-l-40337\/"},"modified":"2025-12-22T18:45:48","modified_gmt":"2025-12-22T18:45:48","slug":"Quel-est-le-potentiel-du-Rwanda-sur-le-marche-des-terres-rares-qui-a-attire-l","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/Quel-est-le-potentiel-du-Rwanda-sur-le-marche-des-terres-rares-qui-a-attire-l\/","title":{"rendered":"Quel est le potentiel du Rwanda sur le march\u00e9 des terres rares qui a attir\u00e9 l\u2019attention des \u00c9tats-Unis ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La Chine contr\u00f4le pr\u00e8s de 80\u202f% du march\u00e9 mondial, poss\u00e9dant plus de 44 millions de tonnes sur environ 130 millions existantes. Le Vietnam, le Br\u00e9sil et la Russie disposent respectivement de 22, 21 et 12 millions de tonnes, tandis que les \u00c9tats-Unis n\u2019en d\u00e9tiennent qu\u2019environ 1,2 million. <\/p>\n<p>S\u00e9curiser ces ressources est crucial pour maintenir leur leadership technologique et strat\u00e9gique. Apple a annonc\u00e9 un investissement de 500 millions de dollars dans l\u2019extraction et le traitement de ces min\u00e9raux sur le sol am\u00e9ricain. Les \u00c9tats-Unis cherchent \u00e9galement \u00e0 exploiter les riches gisements d\u2019Ukraine, estim\u00e9s \u00e0 14\u202f000 milliards de dollars.<\/p>\n<p>Ces min\u00e9raux incluent la Monazite, la Bastn\u00e4site, le X\u00e9notime, l\u2019Allanite, l\u2019Eudialyte et d\u2019autres, transform\u00e9s en m\u00e9taux pr\u00e9cieux comme le Lanthane, le N\u00e9odyme, le Dysprosium ou le Terbium. Leur prix varie fortement\u202f: le C\u00e9rium co\u00fbte entre 2\u202f000 et 4\u202f000 dollars la tonne, tandis que le Terbium peut atteindre 1,5 million de dollars.<\/p>\n<p>Le Rwanda, riche en min\u00e9raux rares, d\u00e9veloppe activement leur exploration et traitement. <\/p>\n<p>Jean Claude Ngaruye, de la Division Exploration Mini\u00e8re du &#8216;Rwanda Mines, Petroleum and Gas Board&#8217;, indique que le pays dispose de r\u00e9serves importantes, notamment de Monazite, Zircon et X\u00e9notime, utilis\u00e9es dans la technologie moderne et l\u2019industrie nucl\u00e9aire. <\/p>\n<p>Les principales zones d\u2019exploitation se trouvent dans le Sud du Rwanda, \u00e0 Nyamagabe, Nyaruguru et autour du rocher Munanira, ainsi que dans les districts de Huye et Karongi.<\/p>\n<p>La Monazite fournit des m\u00e9taux essentiels \u00e0 la production de batteries, moteurs d\u2019avion et syst\u00e8mes audio. Le N\u00e9odyme se vend environ 70\u202f500 dollars la tonne et le Pras\u00e9odyme 71\u202f350 dollars. Ngaruye souligne que la demande \u00e9lev\u00e9e explique leur prix, et que les \u00c9tats-Unis cherchent \u00e0 constituer des stocks pour concurrencer la Chine.<\/p>\n<p>Malgr\u00e9 ces richesses, le Rwanda n\u2019a pas encore de march\u00e9 \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle pour ces ressources. Le traitement de certains min\u00e9raux, comme la Monazite contenant uranium et thorium, n\u00e9cessite des technologies avanc\u00e9es et des investissements importants.<\/p>\n<p>Par ailleurs, le secteur minier rwandais conna\u00eet une croissance notable\u202f: les exportations sont pass\u00e9es de 373 millions de dollars en 2017 \u00e0 1,7 milliard en 2024, avec un objectif de 2,2 milliards d\u2019ici 2029. Le taux de transformation des min\u00e9raux extraits devrait passer de 40\u202f% \u00e0 80\u202f%, et plus de 27\u202f000 hectares de nouvelles terres riches en min\u00e9raux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 identifi\u00e9s en mai 2025, offrant un potentiel significatif pour l\u2019avenir.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"spip-document spip-document-69645 aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fr.igihe.com\/IMG\/jpg\/d1-10.jpg\" alt=\"Les min\u00e9raux rares sont devenus de plus en plus recherch\u00e9s\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"spip-document spip-document-69644 aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fr.igihe.com\/IMG\/jpg\/d2-10.jpg\" alt=\"La Chine contr\u00f4le actuellement pr\u00e8s de 80\u202f% du march\u00e9 mondial du traitement des min\u00e9raux rares\" \/><\/figure>\n<figure class=\"spip-document spip-document-69643 aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fr.igihe.com\/IMG\/jpg\/d3-8.jpg\" alt=\"Les min\u00e9raux rares sont tr\u00e8s demand\u00e9s en raison de leur utilisation dans la technologie moderne\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les min\u00e9raux rares sont devenus strat\u00e9giques pour les \u00c9tats-Unis, essentiels aux technologies avanc\u00e9es comme les smartphones, batteries, drones, missiles ou mat\u00e9riel m\u00e9dical.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":488,"featured_media":4000069647,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7529],"tags":[7605],"byline":[7717],"hashtag":[],"class_list":["post-40337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualite-3","tag-homenews","byline-igihe"],"bylines":[{"id":7717,"name":"IGIHE","slug":"igihe","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":393}],"contributors":[{"id":7717,"name":"IGIHE","slug":"igihe","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":393}],"featured_image":{"id":4000069647,"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/d3_cp-2.jpg","alt":"","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","width":0,"height":0,"sizes":{"thumbnail":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/d3_cp-2.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"medium":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/d3_cp-2.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"medium_large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/d3_cp-2.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/d3_cp-2.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"full":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/d3_cp-2.jpg","width":0,"height":0}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40337","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/488"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40337"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40337\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4000069647"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40337"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40337"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40337"},{"taxonomy":"byline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/byline?post=40337"},{"taxonomy":"hashtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtag?post=40337"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}