{"id":40096,"date":"2025-11-17T15:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-11-17T15:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/Un-accord-cadre-aux-allures-de-promesse-ajournee-40096\/"},"modified":"2025-11-17T17:46:06","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T17:46:06","slug":"Un-accord-cadre-aux-allures-de-promesse-ajournee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/Un-accord-cadre-aux-allures-de-promesse-ajournee\/","title":{"rendered":"Un accord-cadre aux allures de promesse ajourn\u00e9e"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La m\u00e9diation qatarienne, soucieuse de pr\u00e9server l\u2019\u00e9lan diplomatique qu\u2019elle a patiemment construit, y voit une \u00ab \u00e9tape importante \u00bb. Mais l\u2019observateur averti discernera plut\u00f4t un dispositif liminaire, un canevas diplomatique d\u00e9nu\u00e9 de clauses contraignantes, sorte d\u2019architecture conceptuelle destin\u00e9e \u00e0 pr\u00e9parer, sans encore l\u2019engendrer, l\u2019accord de paix d\u00e9finitif.<\/p>\n<p>Ce document, essentiellement programmatique, se contente de reprendre deux protocoles ant\u00e9rieurement paraph\u00e9s : celui instituant un m\u00e9canisme de v\u00e9rification du cessez-le-feu, et celui encadrant l\u2019\u00e9change de prisonniers. <\/p>\n<p>Tout y r\u00e9sonne du provisoire, de l\u2019hypoth\u00e9tique, du conditionn\u00e9. Le texte acte surtout que l\u2019essentiel reste \u00e0 n\u00e9gocier, et que les v\u00e9ritables questions, celles qui engagent la souverainet\u00e9, la s\u00e9curit\u00e9, la r\u00e9conciliation nationale, demeurent en suspens. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019on cherche encore les garde-fous, les obligations r\u00e9ciproques, les engagements irr\u00e9vocables : la substance m\u00eame d\u2019un accord de paix durable.<\/p>\n<p>Le long chemin vers la paix : restaurations diff\u00e9r\u00e9es et protocoles \u00e0 venir<br \/>\nLe c\u0153ur des enjeux se concentre d\u00e9sormais dans les n\u00e9gociations \u00e0 venir, dont le nombre et l\u2019ampleur trahissent la profondeur des fractures politiques et territoriales qu\u2019il faudra suturer. <\/p>\n<p>Il sera notamment question, selon les documents de travail consult\u00e9s, de la restauration progressive de l\u2019autorit\u00e9 de l\u2019\u00c9tat dans les zones pass\u00e9es sous contr\u00f4le de l\u2019AFC\/M23. Cette restauration graduelle illustre la d\u00e9licatesse des \u00e9quilibres \u00e0 recomposer : r\u00e9introduire l\u2019\u00c9tat sans rallumer les antagonismes, r\u00e9affirmer la souverainet\u00e9 sans provoquer l\u2019effritement du fragile cessez-le-feu.<\/p>\n<p>D\u2019autres volets, tout aussi d\u00e9terminants, devront \u00eatre d\u00e9battus : le retour des r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s, la s\u00e9curisation des territoires contest\u00e9s, l\u2019acc\u00e8s humanitaire, les m\u00e9canismes de r\u00e9conciliation, autant de chantiers fondamentaux dont la complexit\u00e9 exige des n\u00e9gociations rigoureuses, protocolaires, longuement it\u00e9ratives. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019essence de l\u2019accord-cadre r\u00e9side d\u2019ailleurs dans cette id\u00e9e de s\u00e9quentialit\u00e9 : aucun changement sur le terrain, aucune mesure pratique, aucun d\u00e9ploiement politique ou s\u00e9curitaire ne pourra advenir tant que chaque protocole n\u2019aura \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9battu, affin\u00e9, puis d\u00fbment approuv\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Ainsi se dessine la perspective d\u2019un processus dont la lenteur n\u2019est pas un accident, mais une condition. Comme le rappelle Benjamin Mbonimpa, secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l\u2019AFC\/M23, \u00ab le chemin est encore long \u00bb. <\/p>\n<p>Il l\u2019est parce que la paix v\u00e9ritable n\u2019est jamais l\u2019effet d\u2019une signature unique ou d\u2019un c\u00e9r\u00e9monial solennel, mais le produit d\u2019une maturation, d\u2019une volont\u00e9 renouvel\u00e9e, d\u2019une architecture patiemment n\u00e9goci\u00e9e. <\/p>\n<p>L\u2019accord de Doha ne cl\u00f4t rien : il inaugure une marche exigeante, incertaine, o\u00f9 la diplomatie doit sans cesse conjurer la tentation de l\u2019impatience pour esp\u00e9rer conjurer, \u00e0 terme, le retour\u00a0des\u00a0fracas.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"spip-document spip-document-68774 aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fr.igihe.com\/IMG\/jpg\/mb-15.jpg\" alt=\"L\u2019accord sign\u00e9 \u00e0 Doha le 15 novembre n\u2019est qu\u2019une \u00e9tape interm\u00e9diaire vers une paix encore incertaine\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u2019accord paraph\u00e9 \u00e0 Doha ce 15 novembre, que d\u2019aucuns s\u2019empressent de c\u00e9l\u00e9brer comme une avanc\u00e9e d\u00e9cisive, n\u2019est en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 qu\u2019un jalon interm\u00e9diaire, une halte prudente sur la longue route d\u2019une pacification encore incertaine. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":488,"featured_media":4000068773,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7544],"tags":[7605],"byline":[9102],"hashtag":[],"class_list":["post-40096","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-homenews","byline-tite-gatabazi"],"bylines":[{"id":9102,"name":"Tite Gatabazi","slug":"tite-gatabazi","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":472}],"contributors":[{"id":9102,"name":"Tite Gatabazi","slug":"tite-gatabazi","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":472}],"featured_image":{"id":4000068773,"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/mb_cp-13.jpg","alt":"","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","width":0,"height":0,"sizes":{"thumbnail":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/mb_cp-13.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"medium":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/mb_cp-13.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"medium_large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/mb_cp-13.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/mb_cp-13.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"full":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/mb_cp-13.jpg","width":0,"height":0}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40096","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/488"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40096"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40096\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4000068773"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40096"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40096"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40096"},{"taxonomy":"byline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/byline?post=40096"},{"taxonomy":"hashtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtag?post=40096"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}