{"id":38043,"date":"2025-06-20T11:29:34","date_gmt":"2025-06-20T11:29:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/L-accord-de-Washington-a-l-epreuve-des-hesitations-de-Kinshasa-38043\/"},"modified":"2025-06-20T11:17:10","modified_gmt":"2025-06-20T11:17:10","slug":"L-accord-de-Washington-a-l-epreuve-des-hesitations-de-Kinshasa","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/L-accord-de-Washington-a-l-epreuve-des-hesitations-de-Kinshasa\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u2019accord de Washington\u202f\u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9preuve des h\u00e9sitations de Kinshasa"},"content":{"rendered":"

Fruit de trois jours de pourparlers men\u00e9s sous les auspices conjoints des\u202f\u00c9tats Unis et du Qatar, ce texte prolongement d\u2019une D\u00e9claration de principes adopt\u00e9e en avril dernier \u00e9rige en imp\u00e9ratif la cessation imm\u00e9diate des hostilit\u00e9s, la reconnaissance pleine et enti\u00e8re de l\u2019int\u00e9grit\u00e9 territoriale de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du\u202fCongo et la r\u00e9int\u00e9gration encadr\u00e9e des groupes arm\u00e9s non \u00e9tatiques.<\/p>\n

La c\u00e9r\u00e9monie de signature d\u00e9finitive, pr\u00e9vue le 27\u202fjuin dans la capitale f\u00e9d\u00e9rale am\u00e9ricaine, devrait se d\u00e9rouler sous l\u2019\u0153il vigilant du secr\u00e9taire d\u2019\u00c9tat, Marco\u202fRubio, tandis que le conseiller sp\u00e9cial du pr\u00e9sident Donald\u202fTrump pour l\u2019Afrique, Massad\u202fBoulos, s\u2019est d\u00e9j\u00e0 f\u00e9licit\u00e9 de \u00ab\u202ftrois jours de dialogue constructif\u202f\u00bb ayant, selon lui, r\u00e9concili\u00e9 des positions longtemps irr\u00e9ductibles.<\/p>\n

Pour s\u00e9duisante qu\u2019elle paraisse, la perspective d\u2019une pacification durable demeure pourtant suspendue \u00e0 une question cruciale\u202f: Kinshasa poss\u00e8de t elle la volont\u00e9 politique, la coh\u00e9rence strat\u00e9gique et l\u2019assise int\u00e9rieure n\u00e9cessaires pour honorer ses engagements\u202f? Les pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents plaident en sens inverse.<\/p>\n

Le pr\u00e9sident F\u00e9lix\u202fTshisekedi, en proie \u00e0 une coalition d\u2019adversaires internes et externes, n\u2019a cess\u00e9 de multiplier les volte faces\u202f: recours sporadique \u00e0 des soci\u00e9t\u00e9s militaires priv\u00e9es, fluctuations doctrinales quant au sort du M23, et rh\u00e9torique belliqueuse alternant avec des appels au dialogue. Cette instabilit\u00e9 strat\u00e9gique nourrit la suspicion de ses partenaires et d\u00e9mobilise une opinion congolaise lass\u00e9e des promesses non tenues.<\/p>\n

Sur le plan politique, la majorit\u00e9 parlementaire qui porta M.\u202fTshisekedi au pouvoir s\u2019est fragment\u00e9e sous l\u2019effet de rivalit\u00e9s claniques et de calculs politiques. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile, emmen\u00e9e par la Conf\u00e9rence \u00e9piscopale (CENCO) et diverses organisations citoyennes, d\u00e9nonce l\u2019\u00e9rosion des libert\u00e9s publiques, l\u2019opacit\u00e9 budg\u00e9taire et l\u2019inefficience de la gouvernance du pays. Cette d\u00e9fiance g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e amoindrit la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 n\u00e9cessaire \u00e0 l\u2019application d\u2019un accord aussi contraignant.<\/p>\n

Enfin, l\u2019isolement diplomatique croissant de Kinshasa complique la mise en \u0153uvre de dispositifs techniques lourds\u202f: d\u00e9sengagement simultan\u00e9 des bellig\u00e9rants, cantonnement et d\u00e9sarmement des milices, puis r\u00e9int\u00e9gration conditionnelle de leurs combattants dans des structures officielles. Sans un soutien concert\u00e9 des puissances r\u00e9gionales, ces clauses risquent de demeurer incantatoires.<\/p>\n

En d\u00e9finitive, l\u2019accord de Washington, pour solennel qu\u2019il soit, appara\u00eet moins comme un aboutissement que comme une \u00e9tape fragile. Son destin d\u00e9pend d\u2019une double conversion\u202f: celle, d\u2019une part, d\u2019un appareil politico militaire congolais appel\u00e9 \u00e0 substituer la continuit\u00e9 \u00e0 la tergiversation\u202f; celle, d\u2019autre part, d\u2019une communaut\u00e9 internationale somm\u00e9e d\u2019adosser ses exhortations \u00e0 des m\u00e9canismes de suivi et de sanction cr\u00e9dibles. <\/p>\n

Faute de quoi, le c\u00e9r\u00e9monial du 27\u202fjuin pourrait rejoindre le cimeti\u00e8re des protocoles illusoires qui, depuis trois d\u00e9cennies, jalonnent la trag\u00e9die de l\u2019Est\u00a0congolais.<\/p>\n

\"\u00c0<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c0 l\u2019ombre feutr\u00e9e des salons diplomatiques de Washington, les d\u00e9l\u00e9gations rwandaise et congolaise viennent de parapher, le 18\u202fjuin, un projet d\u2019accord cens\u00e9 ramener la s\u00e9r\u00e9nit\u00e9 dans les confins meurtris du Kivu. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":488,"featured_media":4000062452,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7544],"tags":[7605],"byline":[9102],"hashtag":[],"class_list":["post-38043","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-homenews","byline-tite-gatabazi"],"bylines":[{"id":9102,"name":"Tite Gatabazi","slug":"tite-gatabazi","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":472}],"contributors":[{"id":9102,"name":"Tite Gatabazi","slug":"tite-gatabazi","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":472}],"featured_image":{"id":4000062452,"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/cp-17.png","alt":"","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/png","width":0,"height":0,"sizes":{"thumbnail":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/cp-17.png","width":1,"height":1},"medium":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/cp-17.png","width":1,"height":1},"medium_large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/cp-17.png","width":1,"height":1},"large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/cp-17.png","width":1,"height":1},"full":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/cp-17.png","width":0,"height":0}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38043","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/488"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=38043"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38043\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4000062452"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=38043"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=38043"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=38043"},{"taxonomy":"byline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/byline?post=38043"},{"taxonomy":"hashtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtag?post=38043"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}