{"id":37207,"date":"2025-03-24T12:16:30","date_gmt":"2025-03-24T12:16:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/Douze-ans-apres-sa-creation-le-M23-reste-foyer-incandescent-des-convulsions-de-37207\/"},"modified":"2025-03-25T12:08:10","modified_gmt":"2025-03-25T12:08:10","slug":"Douze-ans-apres-sa-creation-le-M23-reste-foyer-incandescent-des-convulsions-de","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/Douze-ans-apres-sa-creation-le-M23-reste-foyer-incandescent-des-convulsions-de\/","title":{"rendered":"Douze ans apr\u00e8s sa cr\u00e9ation le M23 reste un foyer incandescent des convulsions de l\u2019Est de la RDC"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ancr\u00e9 dans une dynamique de confrontation persistante, ce mouvement arm\u00e9 demeure l\u2019\u00e9picentre des revendications et d\u00e9nonciations des pers\u00e9cutions syst\u00e9matiques des tutsi congolais, grevant de son empreinte ind\u00e9l\u00e9bile le devenir politique et s\u00e9curitaire du pays tout entier.<\/p>\n

Issu des vestiges du Congr\u00e8s National pour la D\u00e9fense du Peuple (CNDP), le M23 s\u2019est cristallis\u00e9 autour du ressentiment n\u00e9 du non-respect par Kinshasa des engagements souscrits dans l\u2019Accord du 23 mars 2009. <\/p>\n

Sous la f\u00e9rule de chefs de guerre aguerris, \u00e0 l\u2019instar de Bosco Ntaganda et Sultani Makenga, il s\u2019est illustr\u00e9 par des faits d\u2019armes spectaculaires, dont l\u2019occupation fulgurante de Goma en novembre 2012, suivie d\u2019un retrait tactique sans combat en 2013, contraint par la mont\u00e9e en puissance de la brigade d\u2019intervention de la MONUSCO. Or, si les armes se sont tues un temps, les griefs demeuraient intacts, enkyst\u00e9s dans une inertie politique qui n\u2019a jamais su en \u00e9pouser la gravit\u00e9 ni en conjurer les germes.<\/p>\n

Apr\u00e8s une d\u00e9cennie d\u2019accalmie illusoire, ponctu\u00e9e d\u2019une tentative de pourparlers avort\u00e9e sous l\u2019\u00e9gide de Gilbert Kankonde, alors ministre de l\u2019Int\u00e9rieur de F\u00e9lix Tshisekedi, le M23 a repris le chemin des hostilit\u00e9s en novembre 2021, invoquant le parjure de Kinshasa face aux engagements jadis \u00e9nonc\u00e9s. <\/p>\n

D\u00e8s lors, il s\u2019est engag\u00e9 dans une fulgurante campagne militaire, arrachant aux forces loyalistes des positions strat\u00e9giques telles que Rutshuru, Masisi et Nyiragongo, tout en projetant son ombre mena\u00e7ante sur les cit\u00e9s n\u00e9vralgiques de Goma et Bukavu. <\/p>\n

Face \u00e0 cette ascension inexorable, une coalition pl\u00e9thorique, regroupant les FARDC, les FDLR, des mercenaires aguerris, un imposant contingent burundais et les forces de la SADC, s\u2019est vue impitoyablement mise en d\u00e9route, r\u00e9v\u00e9lant l\u2019ampleur du rapport de force et l\u2019imp\u00e9ritie des r\u00e9ponses conventionnelles.<\/p>\n

Malgr\u00e9 les injonctions internationales \u00e0 un cessez-le-feu et les appels r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e0 la n\u00e9gociation, la situation demeure en suspens, prisonni\u00e8re d\u2019une \u00e9quation dont les inconnues se multiplient au fil des luttes d\u2019influence et des vell\u00e9it\u00e9s belliqueuses du gouvernent congolais. <\/p>\n

Douze ans apr\u00e8s son av\u00e8nement, le M23 incarne l\u2019\u00e9chec manifeste des solutions militaires et la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 imp\u00e9rieuse d\u2019une refondation politique, seule \u00e0 m\u00eame d\u2019enrayer le cycle morbide des insurrections r\u00e9currentes. Car seule une approche diplomatique rigoureuse, d\u00e9nu\u00e9e d\u2019ambigu\u00eft\u00e9s et affranchie des postures dilatoires, pourra pr\u00e9tendre \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9laboration d\u2019un \u00e9quilibre p\u00e9renne, o\u00f9 les armes c\u00e9deraient enfin le pas \u00e0 la raison et o\u00f9 la paix ne serait plus un mirage, mais une perspective tangible.<\/p>\n

\"Sultani<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le 23 mars 2012, des braises d\u2019une mutinerie survenue au sein des Forces Arm\u00e9es de la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo (FARDC), surgissait le Mouvement du 23 Mars (M23), hydre insurrectionnelle dont l\u2019ombre port\u00e9e n\u2019a cess\u00e9, douze ann\u00e9es durant, d\u2019assombrir l\u2019horizon de l\u2019Est congolais. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":488,"featured_media":4000059342,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7544],"tags":[7605],"byline":[9102],"hashtag":[],"class_list":["post-37207","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-homenews","byline-tite-gatabazi"],"bylines":[{"id":9102,"name":"Tite Gatabazi","slug":"tite-gatabazi","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":472}],"contributors":[{"id":9102,"name":"Tite Gatabazi","slug":"tite-gatabazi","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":472}],"featured_image":{"id":4000059342,"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/sm_cp-4.jpg","alt":"","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","width":0,"height":0,"sizes":{"thumbnail":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/sm_cp-4.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"medium":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/sm_cp-4.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"medium_large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/sm_cp-4.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/sm_cp-4.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"full":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/sm_cp-4.jpg","width":0,"height":0}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37207","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/488"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37207"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37207\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4000059342"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37207"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37207"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37207"},{"taxonomy":"byline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/byline?post=37207"},{"taxonomy":"hashtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtag?post=37207"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}