{"id":37127,"date":"2025-03-17T09:43:17","date_gmt":"2025-03-17T09:43:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/Demantelement-des-medias-publics-Americains-37127\/"},"modified":"2025-03-17T09:43:04","modified_gmt":"2025-03-17T09:43:04","slug":"Demantelement-des-medias-publics-Americains","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/Demantelement-des-medias-publics-Americains\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00e9mant\u00e8lement des m\u00e9dias publics Am\u00e9ricains"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Ce brusque sabordage, d\u00e9cid\u00e9 par d\u00e9cret pr\u00e9sidentiel, s\u2019inscrit dans une logique de recentrage id\u00e9ologique et de rejet de ce que l\u2019ex\u00e9cutif consid\u00e8re comme des vestiges d\u2019une bureaucratie f\u00e9d\u00e9rale obsol\u00e8te et dispendieuse.<\/p>\n<p>Les causes profondes de cette d\u00e9cision puisent leurs racines dans la vision nationaliste et isolationniste pr\u00f4n\u00e9e par Donald Trump, qui n\u2019a eu de cesse de d\u00e9noncer le r\u00f4le de ces m\u00e9dias comme une excroissance inutile de l\u2019\u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral. Dans cette optique, la communication internationale sous l\u2019\u00e9gide des institutions am\u00e9ricaines n\u2019est plus per\u00e7ue comme un levier d\u2019influence strat\u00e9gique, mais comme une ing\u00e9rence co\u00fbteuse dont les b\u00e9n\u00e9fices sont jug\u00e9s d\u00e9risoires au regard de l\u2019imp\u00e9ratif de repli national. <\/p>\n<p>De surcro\u00eet, cette entreprise de d\u00e9mant\u00e8lement illustre une d\u00e9fiance profonde \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard des m\u00e9dias, que le pr\u00e9sident n\u2019a cess\u00e9 d\u2019\u00e9riger en adversaires politiques, les accusant de distorsion syst\u00e9matique du discours officiel.<\/p>\n<p>Les cons\u00e9quences de cette suppression s\u2019annoncent multiples et potentiellement d\u00e9l\u00e9t\u00e8res. Sur le plan international, la fermeture de ces m\u00e9dias repr\u00e9sente un affaiblissement manifeste du soft power am\u00e9ricain, abandonnant \u00e0 d\u2019autres puissances, notamment la Chine et la Russie, le champ de la bataille informationnelle. Les r\u00e9gimes autocratiques, jusqu\u2019alors sous la pression d\u2019une couverture journalistique \u00e9chappant \u00e0 leur contr\u00f4le, trouvent dans cette disparition une opportunit\u00e9 inesp\u00e9r\u00e9e pour asseoir un monopole id\u00e9ologique sur leurs opinions publiques. Par ailleurs, la fin de ces organes de presse fragilise le soutien aux soci\u00e9t\u00e9s civiles luttant pour l\u2019\u00e9mergence de contre-discours d\u00e9mocratiques dans des pays o\u00f9 l\u2019acc\u00e8s \u00e0 une information libre demeure un enjeu fondamental.<\/p>\n<p>En interne, cette d\u00e9cision consacre un tournant dans la conception m\u00eame du r\u00f4le de l\u2019\u00c9tat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral am\u00e9ricain, consacrant une \u00e8re o\u00f9 les valeurs fondatrices du pays, telles que la libert\u00e9 d\u2019expression et la d\u00e9fense du pluralisme, sont rel\u00e9gu\u00e9es au second plan au profit d\u2019une vision purement utilitariste de l\u2019action publique. <\/p>\n<p>Ainsi, sous couvert de rationalisation administrative, c\u2019est bien une mutation profonde du rapport entre l\u2019\u00c9tat et l\u2019information qui se joue, avec des r\u00e9percussions qui d\u00e9passeront largement le cadre du seul mandat pr\u00e9sidentiel.<\/p>\n<figure class=\"spip-document spip-document-59106 aligncenter\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/fr.igihe.com\/IMG\/jpg\/voa.jpg\" alt=\"Donald Trump a amorc\u00e9 la dissolution des m\u00e9dias publics am\u00e9ricains, parmi lesquels Voice of America\" \/><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dans un geste d\u2019une port\u00e9e symbolique et politique consid\u00e9rable, l\u2019administration de Donald Trump a amorc\u00e9 la dissolution des m\u00e9dias publics am\u00e9ricains, parmi lesquels Voice of America (VOA), Radio Free Asia et Radio Free Europe\/Radio Liberty, mettant ainsi un terme abrupt \u00e0 des institutions historiquement vou\u00e9es \u00e0 la diffusion d\u2019une information dans les contr\u00e9es o\u00f9 la presse demeure sous le joug des r\u00e9gimes autoritaires. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":488,"featured_media":4000059105,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7544],"tags":[7605],"byline":[9102],"hashtag":[],"class_list":["post-37127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-politique","tag-homenews","byline-tite-gatabazi"],"bylines":[{"id":9102,"name":"Tite Gatabazi","slug":"tite-gatabazi","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":472}],"contributors":[{"id":9102,"name":"Tite Gatabazi","slug":"tite-gatabazi","description":"","image":{"id":0,"url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/?s=96&d=mm&f=y&r=g","alt":"Default avatar","title":"Default avatar","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","sizes":[]},"user_id":472}],"featured_image":{"id":4000059105,"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/voa_c.jpg","alt":"","caption":"","mime_type":"image\/jpeg","width":0,"height":0,"sizes":{"thumbnail":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/voa_c.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"medium":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/voa_c.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"medium_large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/voa_c.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"large":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/voa_c.jpg","width":1,"height":1},"full":{"url":"https:\/\/fr-images.igihe.com\/IMG\/logo\/voa_c.jpg","width":0,"height":0}}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/488"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=37127"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/37127\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4000059105"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=37127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=37127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=37127"},{"taxonomy":"byline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/byline?post=37127"},{"taxonomy":"hashtag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/new.igihe.com\/french\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/hashtag?post=37127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}