Sichuan, famously known as the home of the giant panda, was a place I always wished to visit. And now that my dream was finally coming true, I couldn’t wait to meet the real-life bears that have captured the world’s imagination for centuries.
On the third day in Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, my dream came true. I found myself heading to the Dujiangyan base for China giant Panda conservation and research, tucked away in Qing Cheng town, Dujiangyan City.
Located 18 kilometers from the downtown, this base sits between the sacred Qing Cheng mountain and the ancient town of Jie Zi. From the outside, it looked calm and green, but inside it held stories of science and survival of a species fighting for its place in the wild.
This is a professional panda rescue and disease prevention center, spread across 760 acres. It’s designed to support up to 40 giant pandas with seven key zones, including disease prevention, quarantine, rehabilitation, education, and research.
I saw nearly all of them; big, small, quiet, curious, and impossibly charming. Their environment was beautiful, with modern buildings blending into the natural landscape, all built to create a good home for the pandas. The total investment behind the base is around 230 million RMB (approx. Frw41 billion)
What surprised me at the onset was how much I learned that day. Despite being members of the bear family, pandas eat almost nothing but bamboo. In fact, they can consume up to 38 kilograms daily and spend over half the day chewing through it, all to extract a tiny portion of nutrition.
Their digestive systems are still built like those of meat-eaters, but evolution had another plan. I also discovered that a newborn panda is barely the size of a stick of butter, weighing around 100 grams, only about one-nine-hundredth of its mother’s weight.
Each panda has a thumb-like bone that helps it grip bamboo stalks like a hand. They’re solitary by nature, rarely meeting unless it’s time to mate, and they don’t hibernate like other bears.
Instead, they keep searching for bamboo year-round. Their communication is equally fascinating; pandas can bleat like goats or even bark like dogs, depending on their mood.
Sichuan Province, with a population of over 80 million people, is home to more than 70 percent of the world’s wild pandas. From the misty forests of the Minshan Mountains to the research bases in Chengdu, Dujiangyan, and beyond, the province has become the heartbeat of global panda conservation.
The people here see the giant panda not only as a symbol of local pride but as a reflection of their deep-rooted respect for nature. It’s in the subway art, the merchandise, the festivals and in the hearts of everyone I met.
Pandas are also central to China’s global diplomacy efforts. Known as panda diplomacy, China has loaned these animals to countries around the world to strengthen relations.
But even when a panda is born abroad, it still legally belongs to China and often returns home later in life. This shows how tightly the species is tied to China’s national identity.
And, about the iconic panda fur, the white fur helps them blend into snowy mountain slopes, while the black fur hides them in shaded forests.
The dark patches around their eyes and ears may even help them communicate or appear more intimidating to threats. It turns out that behind the cuddly appearance, is an animal perfectly suited for survival in a world of contrast, just like its fur.
The visitors, hosted by Abercrombie & Kent, a luxury travel company, are set to explore various parts of Rwanda, including the Volcanoes National Park.
These elite travelers embarked on a journey through different countries, having previously arrived from Kenya and Tunisia, with their journey starting in London, UK. Their tour includes visiting world-renowned natural attractions, and they are accompanied by Abercrombie & Kent staff throughout.
Each tourist paid between $300,000 and $400,000 for the 30-day trip, which covers travel, luxury accommodations, and services in some of the world’s most scenic destinations, including Rwanda’s prestigious One&Only Gorilla’s Nest, Singita Kwitonda Lodge, and Kataza House.
On their trip around the world, they came a private chef, doctors. Upon arrival in Kigali, 17 classic tourist vehicles were at their disposal to take them to the Volcanoes National Park in the Musanze District, where they will visit gorillas and other wildlife.
Some moved by helicopter ride for some of them. The group will also visit local markets and shop for souvenirs.
Abercrombie & Kent primarily selects destinations known for security, high-end hotels, professional services, and unique natural wonders, with only a handful of countries included in their exclusive tours. Rwanda is consistently one of their chosen destinations.
In an interview with IGIHE, Paul Muvunyi, the CEO of Abercrombie & Kent Rwanda, praised Rwanda’s continued progress and its strong tourism appeal. He emphasized that Rwanda’s safety, hospitality, and the opportunity to see the famous mountain gorillas are major attractions.
Muvunyi noted that as demand grows, they aim to bring these high-end tourists to Rwanda more frequently, potentially even every month.
These visitors, who are wealthy individuals worth millions of dollars, often return to Rwanda because of the unique experiences the country offers. According to Albert Mitcho, an Abercrombie & Kent staff member in the region, many tourists visit Rwanda repeatedly due to its exceptional offerings.
Ann Epting, a senior representative from Abercrombie & Kent in the United States, highlighted Rwanda’s unique wildlife and culture as major reasons why clients choose to visit repeatedly. She emphasized that Rwanda is one of the few places in the world where tourists can experience mountain gorillas in the wild, contributing to its popularity.
The travelers will continue their journey to other African destinations, including Botswana, South Africa, and West Africa, as part of their ongoing luxury adventure.
Abercrombie & Kent, a leading luxury travel agency founded in 1962 by Geoffrey Kent, operates in over 100 countries with more than 60 branches, including one in Rwanda. They employ over 2,500 staff worldwide.
The program, currently being piloted at Volcanoes National Park, allows tourists to make symbolic financial contributions during real-time interactions with mountain gorillas through digital wallets, similar to accounts provided by mobile money platforms like MoMo. The funds can be used to protect gorilla habitats and enhance their well-being.
So far, 20 mountain gorillas in Volcanoes National Park have been successfully integrated into the system, enabling the apes to “pay” for essential conservation services like hiring park rangers who protect them.
Developed by Africa-based startup Tehanu, the initiative also incentivizes local communities to participate in wildlife conservation. For example, residents near the park can earn income by undertaking ecosystem-supporting tasks like photographing wildlife, recording animal sounds, or reporting sightings of specific species.
Jonathan Ledgard, the CEO and co-founder of Tehanu, told a local daily that the initiative not only enhances conservation funding but also deepens the connection between visitors and Rwanda’s iconic primates, offering a new dimension to eco-tourism in the region.
“By integrating both wildlife and humans into the financial system, the interspecies money initiative aims to create a circular economy that fosters mutual prosperity,” Ledgard told The New Times.
He added: “In Kigali, you can send money to your village using Momo. Now imagine a bat, a tree, or even a gorilla being able to receive and spend money, all for services that benefit them.”
In developing the digital platform, Tehanu leveraged artificial intelligence to understand the specific needs of the gorillas.
Gorilla tourism remains a key revenue stream for Rwanda, with visitors paying a minimum of $1,500 per person for gorilla trekking permits, which grant access to the park and an hour spent with the gorillas.
In 2023, the number of tourists visiting gorilla sites reached a historic high, growing by 29.4% to 25,927 visitors, according to an April report by the Rwanda Development Board (RDB).
The tourism sector also saw impressive growth, generating $650 million (Frw 832 billion) in revenue, marking a 35% increase compared to 2022.
Tehanu estimates that Rwanda’s mountain gorilla population has a financial value of approximately $1.4 billion, equivalent to about 10% of the country’s GDP.
At the tender age of ten, he would sit outside his home in Banda village in Nyamasheke District, often wandering along the edge of Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda’s largest national park, renowned for its rich biodiversity and stunning landscapes. The cacophony of bird calls and the soft rustle of primates moving through the undergrowth constantly piqued his curiosity.
During weekends and school holidays, he played with his mates but often paused to admire the Wildlife Conservation Society (WCS) staff as they ventured into the dense canopy of Nyungwe Forest. They were engaged in conservation activities under the Projet Conservation de la Forêt de Nyungwe (PCFN).
Some of the staff were his neighbours, and Claver Ntoyinkima dreamed of one day joining their ranks.
In the early 1990s, one of his older brothers was recruited to work with WCS, further fueling Claver’s ambition to be part of a team that mitigated threats to the forest and promoted its conservation.
“My brother used to educate the whole family on why we have to conserve the forest. So, I was really interested,” Claver recalls with nostalgia.
As he grew older, his passion for conservation deepened. He got his first opportunity to work in the park while in secondary school, where he assisted researchers and cleaners during school holidays. He also founded and led his school’s environmental club, collaborating with PCFN leaders who often took students into the forest to learn about conservation.
“I worked closely with the PCFN leaders and managers. They would bring their cars to the school, take us to the forest, explain everything, and then bring us back,” he remembers.
After completing secondary school, Claver trained as a teacher and worked as a primary school teacher for one and a half years. However, his passion for conservation led him to transition first to a multilingual receptionist role at the Rwanda Development Board (RDB) and later, in 2000, to the position of park ranger and tourist guide.
Twenty-four years later, his steadfast commitment to preserving the natural world has earned him international recognition. He was recently selected as the sole global winner of the prestigious Tusk Wildlife Ranger Award for his work on bird and primate conservation in Nyungwe National Park.
The 51-year-old father of four will be honoured on November 27, 2024, in London at a ceremony addressed by Prince William and attended by other category winners from across Africa.
Over the past decade, the Tusk Wildlife Ranger Awards have celebrated African conservation heroes, recognizing the dedication and risks rangers face daily to protect wildlife and fragile ecosystems.
Previous winners include Jealous Mpofu from Zimbabwe (2023), Neddy Mulimo from Zambia (2022), Suleiman Saidu from Nigeria (2021), and Amos Gwema from Zimbabwe (2020). This year, the award celebrates Claver’s contributions to Nyungwe National Park, where he has risen through the ranks to become a Senior Ranger and Guide.
Throughout his career, Claver’s diligence, hard work, and honesty have earned him the respect of colleagues and the community. Some of his notable achievements include habituating colobus monkeys and chimpanzees and launching birdwatching clubs at schools surrounding the park, such as GS Gisakura. Through these clubs, he mentors students to develop a deeper understanding of and commitment to protecting Nyungwe’s ecosystem which includes over 300 bird species.
“Some students from the birdwatching clubs have gone on to become park rangers and guides,” notes Protais Niyigaba, the park manager.
Niyigaba describes Claver as a selfless conservationist whose initiatives have reduced poaching and overdependence on park resources.
“Claver is a naturalist. Born near the park, even his name, Ntoyinkima, reflects his connection to wildlife—it means ‘I’ve luckily found a monkey.’ His work bridges the needs of the community and the park, promoting coexistence,” he says.
Claver has accomplished this through initiatives such as providing goats to local communities in Nyamasheke and promoting goat farming as an alternative to poaching. He also supported the establishment of a cooperative for former poachers, now trained as freelance guides, enabling them to earn livelihoods connected to conservation.
With more than two decades of experience, Claver is known for his expertise, kindness, and mentorship. He collaborates with researchers and shares his extensive knowledge, particularly on bird conservation, contributing to research projects across Rwanda, including those in Volcanoes and Akagera National Parks.
“These initiatives improve livelihoods while protecting nature. Claver doesn’t just do his job for a salary—he goes beyond, creating opportunities for his community,” Niyigaba adds.
Additionally, local communities benefit from government projects funded through tourism revenue-sharing programs, such as constructing classrooms and water infrastructure. These efforts have promoted a sense of ownership and responsibility for conserving the park.
“Now, the communities see the park as a source of support. Some even help control poaching by others who don’t yet understand,” Claver explains.
Claver’s award includes 30,000 pounds (approximately Frw51 million) prize, which he plans to reinvest in community projects.
“There are projects I couldn’t achieve due to limited resources. This award will allow me to take those projects forward and encourage more community involvement in conservation,” he says with optimism.
This is Claver’s first international award and his second overall. In 2007, he received the Rhinoceros Recognition for his conservation efforts.
Recently incorporated into the Volcanoes National Park, Buhanga is not only a haven of natural beauty but also a sacred place steeped in the traditions of Rwanda’s monarchy.
Buhanga Eco Park is a site of historical and cultural importance. Its name, derived from the Kinyarwanda word for “creation,” reflects its profound significance in Rwandan tradition. Legend holds that this forest is where Rwanda’s first king, Gihanga, established the kingdom. For centuries, it served as the coronation ground for Rwandan kings, making it a revered place tied to the country’s origins.
The forest has remained pristine due to its sacred status. Tall Ficus and Drago trees form a lush canopy, creating a serene environment where visitors can wander along trails paved with lava stones. The atmosphere is alive with the sounds of birds and the fluttering of butterflies, adding to the park’s enchanting appeal. It is a sanctuary where nature thrives in harmony with the echoes of history.
Buhanga is home to many remarkable features, including caves and a natural spring called Gihanda. This spring, named after King Gihanga, was integral to the coronation rituals.
Kings would bathe in its waters as part of a ceremonial cleansing before being anointed and crowned. The lava rock platform where they received the instruments of power still stands, surrounded by tales of the blessings and protection the site offered to the kingdom.
Walking through the forest, visitors encounter ancient trees like the “Unity Tree,” or Inyabutatu ya Rwanda, which appears as three trunks intertwined into one. This tree symbolizes the unity of the Rwandan people and serves as a powerful reminder of the country’s shared heritage. Other ancient trees, such as Umusando and Ibigabiro, contribute to the park’s timeless aura, some of them standing tall for over 300 years.
Beyond its cultural significance, Buhanga Eco Park offers a serene escape into nature. The forest is home to species like jackals, porcupines, leopards, and a variety of birds and butterflies. It provides a tranquil environment for anyone seeking peace, adventure, or a deeper connection to Rwanda’s past.
A visit to this sacred forest is a journey into the heart of the country’s identity, where the beauty of nature and the echoes of ancient rituals come together to create an unforgettable experience. For anyone exploring Rwanda, Buhanga is a destination not to be missed.
This small but ecologically diverse country is home to over 700 recorded bird species, including some of the continent’s most sought-after and rare birds.
From lush montane rainforests and tranquil wetlands to rolling savannahs and shimmering lakes, Rwanda’s varied landscapes provide the perfect backdrop for birding adventures.
What sets Rwanda apart is its accessibility and safety. The compact size of the country allows travelers to explore multiple birding hotspots within a short time frame, while its excellent infrastructure and expert local guides ensure a seamless and enriching experience.
Whether you’re a seasoned birder chasing rare species or a beginner eager to explore, Rwanda is a destination that promises unforgettable encounters with its vibrant avian life.
Here are Rwanda’s top birdwatching sites, each offering a unique glimpse into the country’s exceptional biodiversity.
{{1. Nyungwe National Park}}
Nestled in southwestern Rwanda, Nyungwe National Park is a tropical montane rainforest renowned for its incredible biodiversity. Home to over 300 bird species, it offers birders a chance to spot rare and endemic species.
The Red-collared Babbler is the park’s crowning jewel. Other must-see species include the Rwenzori Turaco, Handsome Francolin, Grauer’s Warbler, and the colorful Regal and Purple-breasted Sunbirds.
With well-maintained trails and expert guides, Nyungwe provides an enriching birding adventure. For the lucky few, rarities like the Congo Bay Owl and Shelley’s Crimsonwing might make an appearance.
{{2. Akagera National Park}}
In the east, Akagera National Park blends savannah, wetlands, and woodland habitats, creating a vibrant ecosystem for over 400 bird species.
Known for its traditional “Big Five” safari experiences, Akagera also boasts a rich birdlife, with highlights including the range-restricted Red-faced Barbet and the majestic Shoebill.
A boat trip on Lake Ihema is a must for spotting waterbirds like the African Finfoot. Night drives add a layer of excitement, with the potential to see Verreaux’s Eagle Owl and nightjars.
{{3. Volcanoes National Park}}
Volcanoes National Park, famed for its Mountain Gorillas, also hosts an impressive avian population, including 17 Albertine Rift Endemics.
For birders, the Scarlet-tufted Sunbird is a unique attraction, best spotted on a trek to Mount Bisoke’s summit. Nearby lakes and Buhanga Eco-Park further enrich the birdwatching opportunities.
{{4. Gishwati-Mukura National Park}}
Rwanda’s newest national park, Gishwati-Mukura, is a symbol of conservation and biodiversity.
Located in the mountains above Lake Kivu, it hosts over 230 bird species, including the Black-fronted Duiker.
The ongoing rehabilitation of this park promises even greater birdwatching potential in the years to come.
{{5. Lake Kivu}}
Lake Kivu’s tranquil shores are a refreshing stop for birders. The lake supports large populations of White-breasted Cormorants and Pied Kingfishers, while hotel gardens in Karongi and Rubavu provide sightings of species like the Double-toothed Barbet and Yellow-bellied Waxbill. The Kinunu area is particularly rewarding for spotting common terrestrial birds.
{{6. Wetlands}}
Rwanda’s wetlands cover 10% of the country, offering habitats for numerous bird species.
Key sites like Rugezi Marsh, Akanyaru, and Nyabarongo Wetlands are designated Important Bird Areas by BirdLife International.
In 2006, Rugezi Marsh was designated a Ramsar site, joining a global network of wetlands protected under the Ramsar Convention, signed in 1971 and enacted in 1975.
The marsh supports populations of Grauer’s Swamp Warbler and Grey-crowned Cranes.
In the Bugesera District, wetlands and lakes offer accessible birding with sightings of Papyrus Gonolek, White-backed Duck, and Lesser Jacana.
{{7. Kigali: Urban birding at its best}}
Even Rwanda’s bustling capital, Kigali, offers remarkable birding opportunities. Nyarutarama Lake, known locally as “Lover’s Lake,” and the recently inaugurated Nyandungu Ecopark are urban oases for birdwatchers.
Species like African Swamphen, Narina Trogon, and Bat Hawk are commonly spotted, making Kigali an excellent starting point for any birding itinerary.
For a close encounter with rescued Grey-crowned Cranes, Umusambi Village is a must-visit, offering a unique blend of conservation and education.
Whether you are an avid birder or a casual nature enthusiast, Rwanda offers an unforgettable journey into the world of avian beauty.
One of the standout attractions in the Northern Province, Musanze District, is the Musanze Caves, an awe-inspiring site that promises an unforgettable journey back in time.
Beyond gorilla trekking, Musanze offers a chance to delve into an underground world of mystery and beauty.
These caves are among Rwanda’s most iconic natural landmarks, dating back approximately 65 million years.
Their formation, believed to have resulted from volcanic lava flows, contributed to the creation of the Albertine Rift Valley, a stunning geological feature shared by several East African countries.
The Musanze Caves lie amid the basaltic lava layers originating from Mount Bisoke and Mount Sabyinyo, adding a volcanic charm to the region.
The Musanze Caves span approximately 2 kilometers and are a highlight among the 52 unique caves that Northern Rwanda boasts.
While there are other caves, such as the Ubuvumo Bwibihonga, the Musanze Caves remain the most frequently explored due to their accessible location and captivating structure.
The caves lie within the grounds of INES University, making them a convenient stop for visitors seeking to immerse themselves in the volcanic history of the region.
Upon entering the caves, travelers are greeted by an entrance that towers cathedral-like, leading to an expansive underground chamber that is home to a thriving bat colony.
As light seeps through the 31 entrances created by roof collapses, visitors witness breathtaking shafts of color illuminating the cave walls. The guided tours through Musanze Caves, which last about two and a half hours, provide an in-depth look at this unique attraction.
Musanze Caves officially opened to the public in 2013 and have since become a popular addition to Rwanda’s tourism landscape. The site attracts visitors eager to explore the underground marvels and gain insight into the local culture.
During the tour, visitors can admire unique art pieces crafted by local artisans and learn about traditional Rwandan life, including age-old customs and vibrant cultural practices.
The journey through the caves offers much more than geological intrigue.
Surrounding the cave entrances, travelers can appreciate the striking beauty of lush vegetation and panoramic views of Rwanda’s iconic volcanoes, including Mount Gahinga, Karisimbi, and Muhabura.
Inside, the air is cool and calm, with gentle streams flowing from the rocky ceiling, adding a peaceful ambiance to the exploration. Visitors navigate through the darkened tunnels, surrounded by ancient rock formations that have endured for millions of years.
For those looking to extend their adventure, Musanze District offers a range of nearby attractions.
The Twin Lakes of Ruhondo and Bulera, the volcanic peaks of Bisoke and Karisimbi, and the historic Buhanga Eco-Park—a former coronation site for Rwandan kings—provide further glimpses into Rwanda’s diverse landscape and rich history.
Additionally, the local experience is enhanced by engaging in traditional Rwandan activities, such as basket weaving or making “Ugwagwa,” a local beer made from a special type of banana.
For visitors seeking to uncover the hidden gems of Rwanda, Musanze Caves are a remarkable destination, promising unforgettable memories and a deeper appreciation for this extraordinary region.
Home to over 10 million Uygur Muslims and 47 ethnic groups, it’s a true cultural melting pot, shaped by its history as a vital hub of the ancient Silk Road.
From the awe-inspiring Taklamakan Desert to the serene beauty of Kanas Lake, and the vibrant city of Urumqi, Xinjiang is a treasure trove for travelers seeking both adventure and tranquility.
Whether it’s the fiery Flaming Mountains or the peaceful grasslands dotted with traditional yurts, the reality on the ground is a province full of life, color, and captivating stories that go far beyond the misconceptions.
Ready to discover a side of Xinjiang the world rarely shows? Here are 15 interesting facts about Xinjiang:
{{1. Urumqi, the world’s most remote city from the Sea}}
Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang which recently hosted the 6th World Media Summit, holds the distinct honor of being the city furthest from any sea or ocean in the world.
It is located about 2,500 kilometers from the nearest coastline. Despite its geographical remoteness, Urumqi is a major city in western China and a vibrant center of culture, commerce, and tourism.
{{2. A land of ethnic diversity}}
Xinjiang is home to 47 different ethnic groups, with the Uygurs being the largest group, making up about 48% (over 10 million) of the population.
However, many other ethnicities also call this region home, including Han Chinese, Kazakhs, Hui Muslims, and others.
This rich mix of cultures gives Xinjiang its unique character, as these groups coexist while maintaining their own distinct traditions, languages, and religious practices.
{{3. Silk Road Legacy}}
Xinjiang’s history is intertwined with the famous Silk Road, an ancient trade route that connected China to Europe and the Middle East.
This route that passed through this province facilitated not only the exchange of goods but also ideas, religions, and cultures.
Cities like Kashgar became vital trading hubs, where merchants from distant lands met to trade silk, spices, and other goods. This historic connection to the Silk Road has made Xinjiang a melting pot of cultures and religions.
{{4. Sharing borders with eight countries}}
Geographically, Xinjiang shares borders with eight countries, more than any other region in China.
These countries include Mongolia, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and India.
This location makes Xinjiang a key strategic area for China and contributes to the rich cultural and economic exchanges that have shaped the region’s history.
{{5. A unique time zone difference}}
Though all of China officially runs on Beijing Time, Xinjiang operates on its own unofficial schedule due to its distance from the capital.
Xinjiang is two hours behind Beijing, and locals often adjust their routines accordingly.
People typically start work at 11 a.m., eat lunch at 2 p.m., and leave work at 7 p.m., with daylight lasting until well into the evening in the summer months.
{{6. China’s largest provincial region}}
Spanning 1.66 million square kilometers, Xinjiang covers one-sixth of China’s total territory.
The region’s vastness is mirrored by the diversity of its geography, which includes deserts, mountains, grasslands, and lakes.
Bayinbuluk is the second-largest grassland in China, offering a glimpse of
nomadic life with yurts, grazing herds, and Swan Lake, home to thousands of swans and
migratory birds.
It also has the longest international borders of any province in China, making it a crucial gateway to Central Asia.
{{7. The land of extreme landscapes}}
Xinjiang is a region of contrasts when it comes to its landscapes. It is home to the Taklamakan Desert, China’s largest shifting desert and the second-largest in the world, known as the “Sea of Death.”
On the other hand, it also boasts K2, the second-highest mountain in the world at 8,611 meters (28,251 feet) above sea level.
Furthermore, the region contains Aydingkol Lake in Turpan, the second-lowest point on Earth at 155 meters (509 feet) below sea level.
{{8. One of China’s main fruit-producing regions}}
Xinjiang’s unique climate—long sunny days and significant temperature differences between day and night—makes it an ideal place for growing fruits.
The region is famous for its Hami melons, Turpan seedless grapes, Korla pears, and Ili apples.
It also produces cotton, lavender, and other agricultural products like tomatoes, mutton, beef, and jujube. This agricultural richness has made Xinjiang an essential part of China’s food supply.
{{9. A hub of religious diversity}}
Thanks to its long history and diverse population, Xinjiang is a region where multiple religions thrive.
Islam, which is the dominant religion among the Uygurs, coexists with Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, and Eastern Orthodoxy.
This religious diversity is reflected in the region’s architecture, with mosques, Buddhist temples, and Christian churches all present in the region.
{{10. Traditional cuisine}}
Xinjiang’s cuisine reflects the cultural influences of its various ethnic groups. The region is known for its hearty meat dishes, especially lamb.
One of its most famous dishes is “Polo,” a pilaf made with rice, lamb, carrots, and various spices.
Another beloved dish is “Dapanji,” a spicy chicken stew often served with hand-pulled noodles. For vegetarians, Xinjiang offers dishes like mung bean salad and vegetable Polo, proving that the region’s cuisine caters to all tastes.
{{11. Kanas Lake and its legendary monster}}
In northern Xinjiang lies Kanas Lake, a stunning alpine lake surrounded by Siberian forests and rolling grasslands.
The lake’s beauty has inspired legends, including the tale of a mysterious lake monster similar to the Loch Ness Monster. For decades of years, legends of an enormous water monster in the lake have captured the imagination of locals and visitors.
Whether or not the monster exists, Kanas Lake remains a top destination for travelers, offering breathtaking views and plenty of opportunities for hiking, photography, and wildlife spotting.
{{12. It has the longest airline routes in China}}
Xinjiang currently has 16 airports, the most of all provinces and regions in China. This is naturally because of the fact that it is the largest province-level division of China.
The region’s vast distances make air travel essential, and the government has invested heavily in building roads, airports, and railways to ensure Xinjiang remains well-connected to the rest of China and beyond.
{{13. Extreme temperatures}}
Xinjiang is known for its dramatic temperature swings. It’s not uncommon for temperatures to drop significantly at night after a hot day.
Locals often say that in Xinjiang, you can wear a fur coat in the morning and a t-shirt by the afternoon.
This large daily temperature variation is particularly evident in the Turpan Basin, one of the hottest places in China, where temperatures can reach up to 47.8°C (118°F).
{{14. Mineral riches}}
Xinjiang is home to more than 80% of China’s discovered mineral types,
including nephrite jade, making it an important part of the country’s economy.
{{15. Tourism boom}}
In recent years, Xinjiang has become a major tourist destination, attracting millions of visitors from both within China and abroad.
Between January and September 2024 alone, the region welcomed 245 million tourists, contributing over 287.58 billion yuan (around 40.4 billion U.S. dollars) to the economy.
Visitors flock to Xinjiang to experience its stunning landscapes, such as Tianchi Lake, the Taklamakan Desert, and the Pamirs Plateau, Flaming Mountain as well as its vibrant bazaars and rich cultural heritage among others.
Xinjiang’s unique geography, rich history, and vibrant cultures make it a must-visit destination for travelers looking to experience the true diversity of China.
Straddling the ridge that separates the Congo and Nile water catchment areas, the park lies within the ecologically rich Albertine Rift. This hilly landscape offers stunning views both laterally and from above, inviting explorers to immerse themselves in its natural beauty. As one of the few remaining natural forests in the Congo-Nile Divide, Gishwati-Mukura is a haven for wildlife enthusiasts and nature lovers.
A visit to this park is a chance to encounter some of the region’s most fascinating species. The park is home to a large number of chimpanzees.
Other species such as servals, genets, civets, and a variety of small mammals roam the forest floors, while amphibians and reptiles thrive in the park’s lush environment.
Birdwatchers will be enthralled by the more than 230 bird species spotted in Gishwati and 160 in Mukura, including the rare Black-Fronted Duiker and Southern Tree Hyrax. The park also boasts over 250 plant species, making it a true botanical treasure trove.
The flora of Gishwati-Mukura is equally captivating. Visitors are greeted by a vibrant mix of montane, bamboo, swamp forests, and grasslands. Towering trees like the Harungana montana, Prunus africana, and the impressive giant tree ferns (Cyathea manniana) dominate the landscape. These species not only add to the park’s natural beauty but play a crucial ecological role, supporting the delicate balance of life within the forest.
Despite its beauty, Gishwati-Mukura has a history of degradation. Human activities, including encroachment, illegal mining, and livestock farming, have taken a toll on the park, particularly on Gishwati forest, which shrunk dramatically from its original 700 square kilometers in the 1930s to just 6 square kilometers by 2002.
However, thanks to ongoing conservation efforts, the forest has since been restored to 15.7 square kilometers. In 2016, the government elevated Gishwati and Mukura from forest reserves to full national park status, marking a significant milestone in their preservation.
For visitors, Gishwati-Mukura National Park offers a wealth of experiences. Those seeking a deeper connection with the local community can participate in a variety of cultural activities, including handicraft-making, beekeeping, and tea plantation tours.
You can stay on a local farm, enjoy live cultural dances, or learn from traditional healers who use natural plants to complement modern medicine. Gishwati-Mukura promises an unforgettable journey into Rwanda’s untamed wilderness.
While the list of attractions is very wide; this article takes you on a journey through some of the must-visit places in Rwanda, presenting a combination of wildlife experiences, historical sites, and stunning landscapes that will leave every traveler in awe.
{{Volcanoes National Park: Home to the majestic mountain gorillas}}
At the heart of Rwanda’s tourism lies Volcanoes National Park, located in the northwest, near the border with Uganda and the Democratic Republic of Congo.
This park is the crown jewel of Rwanda, renowned for its population of endangered mountain gorillas, which has made the country a sought-after destination for wildlife lovers.
The park covers the slopes of the Virunga Mountains, home to a chain of dormant volcanoes including Karisimbi (the highest at 4,507 meters), Bisoke, Sabinyo, Gahinga, and Muhabura.
The experience of trekking through the dense rainforest, rich with the sounds of over 200 bird species and the rare golden monkeys, is something unique to this region.
The intimate encounter with the gorillas is not just a wildlife experience but a deeply moving and transformative moment for many visitors.
In addition to gorilla trekking, the park boasts several other attractions, including the Buhanga Eco-Park, an ancient forest with significant cultural heritage, and the Musanze Caves, formed millions of years ago from volcanic eruptions.
These unique geological formations further add to the allure of this natural wonder.
{{Akagera National Park}}
For travelers craving the traditional African safari experience, Akagera National Park in the eastern part of the country offers an entirely different landscape.
This park, named after the Akagera River, is Rwanda’s only savannah reserve and is home to the Big Five—lions, leopards, rhinos, elephants, and buffalo.
The park has seen a resurgence in recent years, thanks to successful conservation efforts, and now hosts a wide array of wildlife, including giraffes, zebras, baboons, and antelope species.
One of the highlights of visiting Akagera is a boat trip on Lake Ihema, where travelers can observe large pods of hippos, Nile crocodiles, and a variety of waterbirds in their natural habitat.
The park’s stunning savannah plains, interspersed with lakes and wetlands, provide the perfect setting for game drives, whether self-guided or through a tour operator.
Akagera also offers night drives and camping experiences for those seeking deeper immersion into Rwanda’s wilderness.
{{Nyungwe National Park}}
Nyungwe National Park is one of Africa’s oldest and most pristine rainforests, located in the southwestern part of Rwanda.
Spanning over 1,019 square kilometers, Nyungwe is a treasure trove of biodiversity and is considered one of the most important forest conservation areas in the region.
Visitors can embark on chimpanzee trekking, one of the park’s star attractions, or encounter troops of the rare colobus monkeys, which are often seen leaping through the treetops.
For adventurous visitors, the park offers the famous Canopy Walk, a suspension bridge hanging high above the forest floor, providing breathtaking views of the jungle canopy.
Nyungwe is also known for its extensive network of hiking trails, some of which lead to beautiful waterfalls and panoramic viewpoints.
With its lush greenery and diverse fauna, this park is a paradise for nature lovers, birdwatchers, and those looking for a serene escape into the heart of Africa’s wilderness.
{{Gishwati-Mukura National Park}}
Situated in the western part of Rwanda, Gishwati-Mukura National Park is a relatively new addition to Rwanda’s network of protected areas.
Comprising two separate forests—Gishwati and Mukura—the park covers 34 square kilometers of lush terrain. The forests lie on the ridge that divides the Congo and Nile water catchment areas, contributing to the region’s unique biodiversity.
Gishwati-Mukura is home to a small population of chimpanzees, which live alongside golden monkeys and blue monkeys, making it a haven for primate enthusiasts.
The park also boasts an impressive birdlife, with over 200 species recorded, including several endemic to the Albertine Rift.
Visitors to this park can participate in community-based activities such as cultural performances, tea plantation tours, and learning from traditional healers who use medicinal plants found in the forests.
{{The King’s Palace Museum: A step back in time}}
For those interested in Rwanda’s rich history, a visit to the King’s Palace Museum in Nyanza, Southern Province, is a must.
This museum offers an immersive experience into Rwanda’s pre-colonial monarchy, with a beautifully reconstructed royal palace that reflects the grandeur of the kingdom’s traditional architecture.
The palace is a thatched dwelling shaped like a beehive, offering a glimpse into how Rwanda’s kings lived before the colonial era.
For those interested in Rwanda’s history and the significance of cattle in the Rwandan culture, the royal herd of long-horned cattle, known as “Inyambo,” can still be seen grazing near the palace.
{{Ethnographic Museum}}
Located in Huye (formerly Butare), the Ethnographic Museum was a gift from Belgium’s King Baudouin in the late 1980s. Today, it houses one of Africa’s most impressive ethnographic collections.
The museum features seven galleries that display a wide range of historical, ethnographic, artistic, and archaeological artifacts. Through these exhibits, visitors gain a deep understanding of Rwandan culture, with visual aids enriching the experience.
The exhibits begin with geographical and geological presentations, followed by items related to traditional practices such as hunting, agriculture, animal husbandry, pottery, weaving, and woodwork.
The museum also showcases traditional clothing, architectural methods, and the social significance of cattle in Rwandan society.
The final gallery delves into traditional customs, beliefs, history, culture, poetry, oral tradition, and cosmology. Additionally, there is a highly regarded craft center on-site, offering visitors a chance to explore local craftsmanship.
{{Lake Kivu}}
Lake Kivu, Rwanda’s largest lake, is nestled along the country’s western border, forming part of Africa’s Great Rift Valley.
Surrounded by dramatic mountains and covering an area of 2,700 square kilometers, the lake offers a stunning backdrop for relaxation and adventure.
The lakeside towns of Rubavu (formerly Gisenyi) and Karongi are popular with travelers seeking peaceful retreats after exploring the national parks.
Rubavu, located near the Volcanoes National Park, is an ideal spot to unwind after gorilla trekking, with its lakeside hotels and restaurants offering breathtaking views of the water.
Karongi, further south, is a charming town known for its scenic beaches and rolling hills covered in pine and eucalyptus trees.
Visitors can enjoy boat rides, kayaking, or simply soak in the serene atmosphere of the lake.
For those who prefer a more active experience, the Congo Nile Trail offers one of the most scenic hikes in the country, stretching 227 kilometers along the lake’s shoreline.
{{Rugezi Marsh: A haven for birdwatchers}}
Rugezi Marsh, located in the northern part of Rwanda, is a vast wetland covering over 6,700 hectares.
It is a vital habitat for a wide variety of wildlife, particularly bird species.
The marsh is a designated Ramsar site, recognized for its importance in wetland conservation.
For birdwatchers, Rugezi Marsh offers an unparalleled opportunity to spot some of Rwanda’s rarest bird species, including the elusive white-backed duck and other waterbirds.
In addition to birdwatching, visitors can take a boat ride on Lake Nyagafunzo, located at the southern edge of the marsh, to observe the area’s rich aquatic life.
Recent research has uncovered a wealth of new species in Rugezi Marsh, making it a fascinating destination for eco-tourists and nature lovers alike.
{{Kibeho Holy Land: A sacred pilgrimage site}}
Located in Nyaruguru District of Southern Province, Kibeho is one of the most important pilgrimage sites in the Catholic world.
The area gained international recognition following the apparitions of the Virgin Mary in 1981, witnessed by several young girls.
Today, thousands of pilgrims visit Kibeho each year, especially on November 28th, to commemorate the first apparition and spiritually connect with ‘Mother Mary’.
For those seeking a spiritual journey, Kibeho offers a unique experience filled with prayer, reflection, and the deep sense of peace that permeates this sacred land.
{{Nyandungu Ecopark: An urban conservation success}}
Nyandungu Ecopark, located within Kigali, is a testament to Rwanda’s commitment to environmental conservation and sustainable tourism.
This urban wetland, which was restored and inaugurated in 2022, spans over 120 hectares and serves as a green haven within the city. The park features walking and cycling paths, picnic areas, and viewing platforms, making it a popular destination for locals and tourists alike.
Nyandungu is home to over 100 bird species and a variety of local plants, providing visitors with a peaceful escape from the hustle and bustle of the city.
The park’s medicinal garden and the Pope’s Garden are particularly notable, offering insight into Rwanda’s traditional healing practices and its Catholic heritage.
{{Kandt House Museum}}
The museum is named after Richard Kandt, the first colonial governor of Rwanda under German rule, who governed in the early 1900s. Today, the Kandt House Museum in Kigali is divided into three main sections.
The first section showcases Rwandan life before the colonial era, exploring its social, economic, and political dimensions.
The second section delves into Rwanda’s colonial experience, beginning with the Berlin Conference of 1884, which led to German rule until 1916.
After World War I, Belgium took over governance under the League of Nations mandate.
This section also highlights Richard Kandt’s life in Rwanda.
The third section focuses on the history of Kigali, chronicling its evolution before, during, and after the colonial period. Kigali became Rwanda’s capital upon gaining independence in 1962.
Whether you are seeking adventure, relaxation, or a deep connection with nature and history, Rwanda’s attractions promise to leave you with unforgettable memories.
