The court’s ruling follows submissions from lawyers representing the DRC government, who informed judges that new witnesses had come forward to testify against Kabila.
Me Richard Bondo, one of the seven government lawyers, told the court that the witnesses would provide evidence on how Kabila allegedly transferred funds to the AFC/M23 rebel coalition and would describe his role as “a foreigner who led the DRC for 18 years.”
The court granted the lawyers’ request, setting the new start date for the trial on September 19, 2025.
Kabila’s trial initially began on July 25, 2025, in his absence. The prosecution charged him with treason, leading an unauthorised armed group, rape, and torture, asserting that the acts were committed in his capacity as a leader of AFC/M23.
Lawyers representing the DRC government argued that Kabila should not face treason charges on the grounds that he is not Congolese, but rather should be prosecuted for espionage on behalf of a foreign country.
The prosecution had sought the death penalty, while the government lawyers requested that Kabila’s assets be seized and that he be fined USD 24 billion. A ruling on the requests was expected on September 12.
Meanwhile, Kabila publicly rejected the proceedings on September 2, asserting that the trial was politically motivated and designed to shield the government from accountability for crimes, including the misappropriation of state funds.
“These politically motivated charges were orchestrated by a government that lost credibility to evade its responsibilities. No concrete evidence has been presented to support these allegations,” he stated.
The Head of State is in the Qatari capital ahead of a scheduled meeting with His Highness Sheikh Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, the Amir of Qatar, later on Friday.
Further details on the outcomes of the meeting are expected to be shared following discussions between the two leaders.
President Kagame and the Qatari Amir last met on March 18, 2025, during a trilateral meeting that also included President Félix Tshisekedi of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as part of efforts to de-escalate the situation in eastern DRC.
The latest meeting comes a day after Rwanda condemned Israel’s deadly strike in Doha, which targeted Hamas leaders during a meeting on a US-proposed Gaza ceasefire.
At least seven people were killed in the attack, including two Qatari security officers, according to Doha authorities.
In an official statement on Thursday, Rwanda expressed its condolences to the State of Qatar and the families of the deceased.
The government called the attack a “wanton trampling of foundational norms of interstate relations” and warned that such actions risk creating a “no-rules-based order” with no contemporary precedent.
Through the Office of the Government Spokesperson, Kigali sharply criticised the international community for what it termed as inaction in the face of escalating violence.
“The continued escalation is senseless, and yet the international community seems content to let it continue unchecked. The hypocrisy and complacency evident in such circumstances, especially from the most powerful, leaves the world vulnerable to growing chaos and uncertainty,” the statement reads in part.
Recognising Qatar’s mediation role in the Great Lakes region and beyond, Rwanda emphasised that such efforts merit “universal appreciation and gratitude” rather than violence. The government also urged “a principled, pragmatic, and swift resolution to the ongoing conflict in the region.”
“The Government of Rwanda stands with the State of Qatar in this difficult time and calls for a principled, pragmatic, and swift resolution to the ongoing conflict in the region,” the statement reads.
Rwanda’s Health Minister, Dr Sabin Nsanzimana, who coauthored the report, announced its release in a post on X.
“One year later, our @NEJM study (out today) reports how science-guided detection and rapid action stopped Rwanda’s first Marburg outbreak in weeks, achieving the lowest recorded fatality,” he wrote on September 11.
The outbreak, declared on September 27, 2024, began in two major hospitals in Kigali after a cluster of viral hemorrhagic fever cases was identified. Within a week, more than 20 health care workers had been infected.
A total of 6,340 suspected cases were tested, of which 66 were laboratory-confirmed, including 51 health workers. The outbreak’s case fatality rate was 23%, significantly lower than previous MVD outbreaks in Africa, which have ranged from 83% to 90%.
Epidemiological investigations traced the index patient to a 27-year-old miner exposed to Egyptian fruit bats, indicating a zoonotic origin. Subsequent transmission occurred primarily among health care workers and family members. Rigorous contact tracing, surveillance, and hospital protocols helped limit the spread.
Clinical management combined advanced supportive care with investigational therapies. Fifty-two patients received remdesivir, with only three fatalities, while ten patients received the monoclonal antibody MBP091. No immediate adverse effects from either treatment were reported.
Rwanda also deployed the ChAd3-MARV vaccine within 13 days of the outbreak declaration, prioritising frontline health workers and high-risk contacts. By the end of October, 1,710 individuals had been vaccinated under emergency use authorisation and a concurrent phase 2 clinical trial.
The study emphasises the role of early detection, aggressive clinical care, investigational treatments, and emergency vaccination in reducing mortality. It also highlights the importance of infection prevention in health care settings, particularly given that 77% of cases occurred through nosocomial transmission.
The authors note that Rwanda’s experience provides a model for responding to filovirus outbreaks in urban settings, showing that rapid, coordinated, science-driven interventions can save lives and prevent widespread transmission.
Rwanda, with its partners, including the World Health Organisation (WHO), declared the end of the Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) outbreak on December 20, 2024. The declaration followed 42 consecutive days without new cases.
At the centre are Prof. Omar Munyaneza, former Chief Executive Officer of WASAC Group; Umuhumuza Gisèle, Permanent Secretary at the Ministry of Infrastructure and former head of WASAC Utility; and Dominique Murekezi, former head of WASAC Development, who were remanded in custody for 30 days, while two other officials were released on provisional bail.
Apart from Prof. Omar Munyaneza, whose arrest had already been reported, the detentions of the others were not widely covered in the media until the case reached court.
The suspects are being prosecuted for a range of offences, including abuse of authority for personal gain; making decisions based on favouritism, friendship, hatred, nepotism, or cronyism; mismanagement of public resources; illicit enrichment; failure to justify assets; and soliciting, accepting, or giving amounts of money beyond what is legally permitted.
Some charges apply to all three officials, while others are specific to each individual. The two charges they all face are abusing authority for personal gain and making decisions based on favouritism, nepotism, and cronyism, particularly regarding the recruitment of 48 employees at WASAC.
When WASAC was restructured into three companies, staff had to be deployed in the two newly created entities, alongside reassignments of existing personnel. Under the leadership of Prof. Munyaneza, WASAC sought to expedite the recruitment process. The Prosecution, however, argues that the process violated the HR policy, as candidates were tested by a panel composed mainly of University of Rwanda lecturers, who were external to WASAC.
It is alleged that each official assisted certain candidates in passing exams and securing jobs. For example, Prof. Munyaneza is accused of favouring Mungwakuzwe Dieudonné, with whom he had previously worked in Parliament.
The Prosecution argues that Prof. Munyaneza himself prepared the exam taken by Mungwakuzwe, and the job advert was tailored to Mungwakuzwe’s qualifications.
Mungwakuzwe reportedly passed the exam and was hired, but received a salary far above the amount allocated for the position. Instead of earning Frw 1.2 million plus a lump sum allowance of Frw 297,000, he was allegedly paid over Frw 1.6 million, along with a lump sum of Frw 1.8 million per month. Similar cases of favouritism were reported for other candidates.
In the case of Umuhumuza Gisèle, the Prosecution alleges that she allowed Rasana Ndahiro Eric to sit for an internal auditor’s exam despite not meeting requirements such as holding a bachelor’s degree (A0) and CCA level 2 or CPA level 2 certification. He passed the exam and was unlawfully hired.
The suspects are also accused of giving jobs to 22 graduates from the University of Rwanda and Ines Ruhengeri, presented as the “best performers,” although evidence later showed they were not the top candidates. They allegedly promoted employees irregularly, reassigned staff unlawfully, and forced others into early retirement before reaching the legal age.
The Prosecution presented evidence, including written notices from Prof. Munyaneza instructing staff to retire early to “make space for younger employees,” as well as call records, text messages, and testimony from affected employees.
In his defence, Prof. Munyaneza denied the accusations, saying recruitment and retirements were handled by the HR office, not him personally. He also argued that the hiring of 48 employees, the recruitment of 22 graduates, and staff reassignments were collective decisions made with the heads of WASAC’s three entities.
Umuhumuza is further charged with mismanagement of public resources. The Prosecution alleges that between 2021, when she served as Acting CEO of WASAC, and 2023, when Prof. Munyaneza took over, she used a company car while also receiving monthly lump sum allowances intended for personal transport, which is not permitted.
Although the car was fully maintained by WASAC, she allegedly received allowances totalling Frw 97 million. In response, she argued she was never informed of the policy and believed the allowances were legitimate. She said all trips were work-related and the vehicle was assigned to the CEO’s office.
Additionally, Umuhumuza, who managed WASAC Utility and oversaw the Group’s budget, is accused of authorising irregular salary payments exceeding Frw 20 million to Mungwakuzwe, who was allegedly paid beyond the scale of his position.
As for Dominique Murekezi, head of WASAC Development, he is accused of complicity in abuse of authority for personal gain in relation to the recruitment of the 48 employees. Both he and Umuhumuza argued that Prof. Munyaneza initiated the decision, presenting it as a proposal that was eventually implemented. Murekezi added that his role was limited to oral interviews, which he claimed were conducted properly.
The Nyamirambo Primary Court ruled that the three officials be remanded in custody for 30 days, citing serious grounds for suspicion of the alleged crimes.
{{Two officials released on bail
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The court ordered the provisional release of Dieudonné Mungwakuzwe, who had been accused of unlawfully receiving inflated salary payments. The court ruled that there were no substantial grounds to keep him in detention. It found that he had not appointed himself, merely signed an employment contract, was not responsible for his own payroll, and had legitimately taken and passed the recruitment exam. As a result, the court concluded there was no strong basis to suspect him of the alleged offence. He was provisionally released on September 3, 2025.
Another official released on bail was Mugwaneza Vincent de Paul, Director of Water Supply at WASAC. He was being tried separately and faced charges including sexual exploitation, making decisions based on favouritism, hatred or nepotism, as well as failing to justify assets.
The Prosecution alleged that Mugwaneza exploited female interns at WASAC, promising them jobs in return for sexual favours. Testimonies were presented from five women, anonymised with codes such as MN, RTC, BIF and MG, who claimed they had sexual relations with him and later received his support in job placements. One witness, MN, testified that Mugwaneza deceived her by saying he was single, while he was in fact married, and that they met during her internship at WASAC.
The Prosecution also submitted evidence, including testimony and messages exchanged between Mugwaneza and the women, which were said to be inappropriate for a supervisor and of a sexual nature.
Additionally, he was accused of failing to explain the origin of Frw 25 million found in his possession. During a closed hearing, Mugwaneza explained that the money had been lent to him by a friend, Bikorimana Aimable, to pay an engineer building his house.
The court found there were no strong grounds to continue suspecting him of illicit enrichment, since Bikorimana’s testimony supported his explanation and the Prosecution had not provided evidence to the contrary. Moreover, it noted that it was not unusual for an employee earning more than Frw 3 million per month to receive such a loan.
On the charge of sexual exploitation, the court ruled that the evidence was insufficient. Witness statements were contradictory; some admitted he was not their supervisor, while others confirmed they had obtained jobs independently despite their personal relationships with him.
Based on these findings, the court ordered Mugwaneza’s provisional release, ruling that there were no strong grounds for continued detention.
Justice Minister Joseph Geng Akech said the charges stem from a March attack by the White Army, an ethnic militia reportedly linked to Machar, on a military base in the northeastern town of Nasir. The assault killed more than 250 soldiers, including a general, and targeted a UN helicopter, resulting in the death of its pilot.
“Evidence further reveals that the White Army operated under the command and influence of certain leaders of the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement/Army-in-Opposition (SPLM/A-iO), including Dr. Riek Machar Teny,” Justice Minister Geng said.
The minister added that the case sends a clear message that those responsible for atrocities against South Sudanese citizens, armed forces, and humanitarian workers will be held accountable.
Hours after the charges were announced, President Salva Kiir suspended Machar from his government role, along with Petroleum Minister Puot Kang Chol, who faces charges alongside Machar. Both have been under house arrest since March, alongside other Machar allies. Thirteen additional suspects remain at large.
Machar’s spokesperson, Puok Both Baluang, condemned the charges as a “political witch-hunt,” arguing that they were “designed to dismantle the peace agreement” signed in 2018 and that South Sudan’s judicial system is “politically directed.”
The charges mark the latest escalation in tensions between Machar and President Kiir, whose forces fought a five-year civil war from 2013 to 2018, killing nearly 400,000 people and displacing roughly a third of the population.
A 2018 peace deal established a unity government, but relations between the two leaders have remained strained, with sporadic violence continuing across the country.
International actors, including the UN and the African Union, have called for calm and warned that Machar’s detention could reignite civil conflict. Edmund Yakani, executive director of the Community Empowerment for Progress Organization, urged that the trial be conducted by “a competent court of law, not a kangaroo court.”
Machar has not publicly responded to the charges. The government has urged that the matter be left to the courts, without political or diplomatic interference.
South Sudan, the world’s youngest country, gained independence from Sudan in 2011 after decades of conflict, but internal divisions and ethnic rivalries have continued to fuel instability.
At least seven people were killed in the attack, including two Qatari security officers, according to Doha authorities.
In an official statement on Thursday, September 11, 2025, Rwanda expressed its condolences to the State of Qatar and the families of the deceased.
The government called the attack a “wanton trampling of foundational norms of interstate relations” and warned that such actions risk creating a “no-rules-based order” with no contemporary precedent.
Through the Office of the Government Spokesperson, Kigali sharply criticised the international community for what it termed as inaction in the face of escalating violence.
“The continued escalation is senseless, and yet the international community seems content to let it continue unchecked. The hypocrisy and complacency evident in such circumstances, especially from the most powerful, leaves the world vulnerable to growing chaos and uncertainty,” the statement reads in part.
Recognising Qatar’s mediation role in the Great Lakes region and beyond, Rwanda emphasised that such efforts merit “universal appreciation and gratitude” rather than violence. The government also urged “a principled, pragmatic, and swift resolution to the ongoing conflict in the region.”
“The Government of Rwanda stands with the State of Qatar in this difficult time and calls for a principled, pragmatic, and swift resolution to the ongoing conflict in the region,” the statement reads.
Qatar’s Prime Minister, Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al Thani, had earlier described the Tuesday attack as “state terrorism” and called for a “collective response” from the region, warning that the entire Gulf region is at risk.
He accused Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of undermining peace efforts in Gaza and said Israel’s actions have “killed any hope” for hostages still believed to be alive.
Sheikh Mohammed added that regional partners are consulting on legal avenues to hold Netanyahu accountable for violating international law.
The Qatari government also condemned Israel’s threats of future attacks and highlighted its ongoing mediation efforts, which include hosting Hamas officials at the request of the United States and Israel.
The attack in Doha is part of a broader escalation by Israel, which has struck six countries in the past 72 hours and continued its bombardment of Gaza, where more than 64,000 Palestinians have been killed since October 2023.
The Israeli government’s rationale for this broad campaign is to dismantle Hamas’s military and political infrastructure wherever it exists.
Since the October 7, 2023, attack, which Israel states was orchestrated by Hamas leadership, Israeli officials have repeatedly declared that there is “no difference between a terrorist with a Kalashnikov and a terrorist in a three-piece suit” and have vowed to pursue Hamas leaders in “every corner of the world.”
This aggressive strategy is not limited to Hamas alone. Israel has also conducted strikes in other countries, such as Lebanon, Syria, and Yemen, against groups it considers to be proxies of Iran, including Hezbollah and the Houthis.
With over 1,000 riders, eight days of racing, and thousands of visitors expected, the Rwanda National Police has issued a detailed plan of road closures and alternative routes to help residents and motorists navigate the city.
{{Day 1 – Sunday, 21 September (9:00 AM – 5:15 PM)
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The main race route will run from BK Arena through Kimironko (Simba Supermarket), Rwahama, Chez Lando, Prince House, Sonatube, Nyanza, Gahanga (Master Steel), back to Sonatube, Rwandex, Kanogo, Main Roundabout, back to Kanogo, Mediheal, Women Foundation Ministries (Kwa Mignone), Ombudsman and KCC.
Truck traffic will be diverted through the Special Economic Zone, Birembo, Kinyinya, Gasanze, Nyacyonga, Gatsata, Nyabugogo and Giticyoni.
{{Day 2 – Monday, 22 September (9:30 AM – 4:45 PM)
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The route will start at BK Arena and pass through Kimironko (Simba supermarket), Rwahama, Chez Lando, Prince house, Sonatube, Nyanza, Gahanga Market, back to Sonatube, then to Rwandex, Kanogo, Mediheal, Women Foundation Ministries, Ombudsman, and KCC.
Alternative routes remain the same as Day 1. Truck diversions will be through the Free Zone, Birembo, Kinyinya, Gasanze, Nyacyonga, Gatsata, and Nyabugogo.
{{Day 3 – Tuesday, 23 September (9:45 AM – 4:45 PM)
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The route will cover BK Arena, Kimironko (Simba supermarket), Rwahama, Chez Lando, Prince house, Sonatube, Nyanza and back to Sonatube, Rwandex, Kanogo, Mediheal, Women Foundation Ministries (Kwa Mignone), Ombudsman and KCC.
Motorists can use Nyamata – Nyanza – Rebero – Gikondo – Rugunga – Biryogo – Downtown; or Kuri 12 – Kigali Parents – Kimironko Junction- Kimironko P/station – Nyabisindu – Gasabo District HQs – Former RDB – Gishushu – Golf – Kinamba – Yamaha – Downtown.
A third option runs from Kuri 12 through Giporoso, Kabeza, Niboye, Kicukiro Centre, Gatenga, Gikondo and Rugunga to CHUK – Downtown.
Trucks will follow the Special Economic Zone – Birembo – Kinyinya – Gasanze – Nyacyonga – Gatsata – Nyabugogo – Giticyoni route.
{{Day 4 – Wednesday, 24 September (8:00 AM – 5:15 PM)
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The race will start from KCC and pass through Gishushu, Chez Lando, Prince House, Sonatube, Nyanza, back to Sonatube, Rwandex, Kanogo, Mediheal, Women Foundation Ministries, Ombudsman and KCC. An additional circuit will include KCC – Gishushu – MTN, Mu kabuga ka Nyarutarama, the Golf area, SOS, MINAGRI, Ninzi, KABC, RIB, Mediheal, Women Foundation Ministries, Ombudsman, and KCC.
The route will extend from KCC through Gishushu, MTN, Mu kabuga ka Nyarutarama, Golf Circuit, SOS, MINAGRI, Ninzi, KABC, RIB, Mediheal, Women Foundation Ministries, Ombudsman and back to KCC.
Motorists can divert via Giporoso – Prince House – Sonatube – Kanogo – Kinamba – Yamaha – City Centre or via Giporoso – Chez Lando – Kimironko – Kibagabaga – Kagugu – Utexrwa – Kinamba – Yamaha – City Centre.
{{Day 6 – Friday, 26 September (7:00 AM – 4:45 PM)
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The race will follow the same course as Day 5, from KCC through Gishushu, MTN, Mu kabuga ka Nyarutarama, Golf Circuit, SOS, MINAGRI, Ninzi, KABC, RIB, Mediheal, Women Foundation Ministries, Ombudsman, and KCC.
Alternative roads remain Giporoso – Prince House – Sonatube – Kanogo – Kinamba – Yamaha – City Centre, or Giporoso – Chez Lando – Kimironko – Kibagabaga – Kagugu – Utexrwa – Kinamba – Yamaha – City Centre.
{{Day 7 – Saturday, 27 September (7:20 AM – 5:00 PM)
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Cyclists will follow the same route as the previous day, and motorists can continue using the same alternative roads.
{{Day 8 – Sunday, 28 September (8:30 AM – 5:30 PM)
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The final day will feature the most extensive course, starting from KCC to Gishushu, MTN, Mu kabuga ka Nyarutarama, Golf Circuit, SOS, MINAGRI, Ninzi, KABC, RIB, Sopetrade, Main Round about, Nyabugogo, Ruliba, Nervege, Kigali Pele Stadium, Tapi Rouge, Kimisagara, kwa Mutwe, ONATRACOM, Gitega, Main Round about, Sopetrade, Mediheal, Women Foundation Ministries, Ombudsman and back to KCC.
Alternative routes include:
* Ruliba – Mwendo – Rugendabari – Miduha Center – RP – Kanogo
* Giporoso – Prince House – Sonatube – Kanogo – Kinamba – Nyabugogo
* Giporoso – Chez Lando – Kimironko – Kibagabaga – Kagugu – Utexrwa – Kinamba – Nyabugogo
Light vehicles may also use Mukoto – Murambi – Masoro – Nyacyonga.
The Rwanda National Police has urged motorists to plan their journeys in advance and familiarise themselves with alternative routes to avoid delays. Officers will be on duty across the city to ensure smooth traffic flow and safety throughout the championships.
In a statement shared on X, the partners said the first U Express outlet is scheduled to open in early 2026. It will be located within Inzovu Mall, a 40,000-square-meter mixed-use development in Kigali’s Kimihurura business district. The mall sits strategically near the Kigali Convention Centre and is being constructed on the former site of Rwanda’s Ministry of Justice and Supreme Court.
Construction spearheaded by Groupe Duval began in August 2023, with the development expected to be completed by September 2025 and open to the public in December 2025. The total project cost is estimated at $68–71 million, financed through a combination of Groupe Duval’s investment and external loans from the International Finance Corporation (IFC) and Proparco, each contributing $17.5 million.
The mall aims to attract both international and local brands. The U Express store will span 3,000 square meters, providing consumers with quality products at fair prices and closer links to local producers.
{{Economic impact and job creation
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The partnership is expected to generate significant employment opportunities. Groupe Duval estimates that the U Express stores will create over 500 jobs, while the Inzovu Mall development will support more than 700 positions during construction and operation. The project is also expected to boost Rwanda’s retail sector, contribute to tax revenues, and support local infrastructure.
Inzovu Mall is being developed as a high-end, mixed-use hub that combines retail, leisure, hospitality, and office spaces. The mall will offer between 21,000 and 26,000 square meters of retail and leisure space, hosting restaurants, entertainment facilities, and anchor tenants such as Intermarché and a BUT store.
A four-star Odalys hotel, covering 5,000 square meters and featuring 95 rooms, will be integrated into the development, allowing guests to access the mall directly from their rooms.
The project also includes 6,000 square meters of Grade A office space and extensive parking facilities, with between 400 and 667 spaces, including a basement accommodating 450 vehicles.
Sustainability is a core component of the development, with energy-efficient lighting, solar power, water recycling systems, and other green technologies. Inzovu Mall is targeting IFC EDGE certification, which recognises environmentally sustainable building practices.
The group, who had been residing in the temporary camp in Goma, returned on September 9, 2025, following assessments by UNHCR staff, the agency’s Director Filippo Grandi confirmed.
The repatriation follows an agreement reached on July 24 between Rwanda, the DRC, and UNHCR during a meeting in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The parties pledged to continue cooperating to address challenges affecting both Rwandan and Congolese refugees, including facilitating voluntary returns for those who wish to go back.
Earlier, on August 25, UNHCR repatriated 533 Rwandans from the same Goma camp, and the agency said it will continue working with both countries to assist others willing to return.
The 31-year-old was addressing students as part of his nationwide “American Comeback Tour” when the incident occurred.
The shooting happened around 12:20 p.m. local time during Kirk’s “Prove Me Wrong” event. Witnesses said he had just finished taking questions from the audience when a single gunshot rang out.
“I heard a loud crack, and then I saw Charlie grab his neck and collapse,” said Raydon Dechene, who was standing near the stage. “There was blood. Everyone started screaming and running.”
Police believe the shot was fired from a rooftop roughly 200 yards away, likely from the Losee Center, a building on the university campus. Authorities immediately evacuated the area and secured the surroundings.
Two people were briefly detained for questioning but were later released. As of Wednesday evening, no suspect had been arrested, and a manhunt was ongoing. Investigators are reviewing surveillance footage and interviewing witnesses, though no motive has been identified.
News of Kirk’s death sparked reactions across the political spectrum. U.S. President Donald Trump ordered flags to be flown at half-staff, describing Kirk as “a fighter who loved America and gave his life speaking out for what he believed in.” Former President Barack Obama condemned the attack as “despicable violence” and urged Americans to reject political hatred.
Kirk, who became a political organiser in his early twenties, founded Turning Point USA in 2012. The organisation grew into one of the most influential conservative youth movements in the United States, focusing on mobilising students around right-leaning political causes.
The tragic death of Charlie Kirk comes amid heightened public concern over violent attacks in the United States.
Just weeks earlier, 23-year-old Ukrainian refugee Iryna Zarutska was fatally stabbed in an unprovoked attack aboard a light rail train in Charlotte, North Carolina. Her death has sparked debates over urban safety, mental health care, and the protection of vulnerable communities, highlighting ongoing worries about violence nationwide.
