Speaking to the BBC from an undisclosed location, Wine said he had decided against filing a petition despite concerns over his safety following the election. He added that he would continue to engage in political activism and advocacy through constitutional avenues.
“The judiciary in Uganda is captured, and we encourage Ugandans to use any legal means to fight back and protect their democracy,” said the 43-year-old pop star turned politician whose real name is Robert Kyagulanyi.
President Yoweri Museveni, 81, was declared the winner of the presidential poll by the Electoral Commission on Saturday, securing a seventh term in office. Official results showed Museveni obtained about 72 percent of the vote, while Wine, his closest challenger, garnered around 25 percent.
Wine, who previously challenged Museveni’s victory in the 2021 election before later withdrawing his petition, said his current decision reflected lessons learned from past experience. He has called on supporters to remain calm and to pursue what he described as peaceful and constitutional action.
During the BBC interview, Wine said he was in hiding after leaving his home in a Kampala suburb, citing heightened security presence in the area. He also expressed concern about the wellbeing of his family, saying access to his residence had been restricted. Police have denied raiding his home, stating that security deployments were intended to ensure his safety as a presidential candidate.
Ugandan authorities have not directly responded to Wine’s latest remarks. However, the Uganda Human Rights Commission said that while there were technical and procedural challenges on polling day, they did not undermine the overall credibility of the election.
The African Union Election Observation Mission said it found no evidence of widespread irregularities but criticised the temporary nationwide internet shutdown that was imposed during and after polling.
In his victory address, President Museveni, who has led Uganda since 1986, called for unity and peace, saying the election demonstrated the continued dominance of his National Resistance Movement (NRM). He outlined priorities for his new term, including wealth creation, poverty reduction, improved public services and a renewed fight against corruption.
NISR figures show that domestic passengers on RwandAir increased from 22,519 in 2023 to 30,066 in 2024. The flights operate on the airline’s only domestic route, linking Kigali to Kamembe in Rusizi District.
The route is served by RwandAir’s Bombardier Q-400 NextGen aircraft. Covering a distance of 147.42 kilometres, the flight takes about 40 minutes from Kanombe International Airport.
RwandAir says the current economy-class fare on the Kigali–Kamembe route stands at USD 99 (approximately Rwf 140,000).
The rise in domestic passenger numbers marks a continuation of the post-pandemic recovery. Before the Covid-19 outbreak, RwandAir carried 20,281 domestic passengers in 2019. Traffic declined sharply during the pandemic, before beginning to rebound in 2022, when 15,821 passengers were recorded on the route.
Growth in domestic travel has also contributed to an increase in RwandAir’s overall passenger volumes, including international traffic. Total passengers carried by the national airline rose from 927,836 in 2023 to 1,034,887 in 2024.
Cargo volumes also expanded during the same period. International cargo carried by RwandAir increased from 16,462.2 tonnes in 2023 to 20,689.54 tonnes in 2024. Prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, the airline transported 12,349.66 tonnes of cargo in 2019.
Looking ahead, Rwanda expects air transport capacity to expand significantly once the new Kigali International Airport under construction in Bugesera becomes operational. The airport is projected to handle up to eight million passengers annually, compared with just over one million passengers handled at Kanombe International Airport in 2024.
The first phase of the Bugesera airport is scheduled for completion in 2027/28, while the second phase is expected to be completed by 2034, ultimately raising annual passenger handling capacity to 14 million.
Rugemanshuro also disclosed that the institution recorded a net surplus of Rwf 413 billion in 2025, representing a 15.6 percent return on investment.
He made the remarks on January 20, 2025, while appearing before the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Social Affairs
“It has been a long journey to reach where we are today,” Rugemanshuro told MPs.
The Director General noted that RSSB has undergone wide-ranging reforms, including improvements in investment governance, to strengthen the institution’s operations.
Rugemanshuro highlighted changes in the way RSSB operates with employers, employees, and beneficiaries, noting that members’ contributions have increased alongside benefits paid to beneficiaries.
He added that employers can now access contribution-related information more easily through digital platforms, while the institution has stepped up efforts to recover unpaid contributions.
In 2025, RSSB was owed arrears amounting to Rwf 27.9 billion, including Rwf 16 billion from public institutions and Rwf 11 billion from private entities. During the year, the government paid Rwf 2 billion of the outstanding amount, while private entities settled Rwf 9 billion.
Rugemanshuro assured Parliament that RSSB remains financially sound and capable of meeting its obligations to members.
“I would like to give a strong assurance that RSSB has sufficient capacity to meet its obligations to members at all times in the future,” he assured.
He added that the institution’s current position reflects the successful implementation of its investment strategy.
RSSB’s investment portfolio is diversified across several asset classes. About 40 percent of its assets are invested in fixed-income securities, while 15 percent is held as cash and bank deposits to ensure liquidity and support day-to-day operations and benefit payments.
A further 20 percent is invested in commercial ventures, 14 percent in development-oriented investments aligned with national priorities, and 11 percent in real estate, including housing and land projects.
Rugemanshuro emphasised that RSSB’s investment strategy is aligned with Rwanda’s development agenda, noting that approximately 95 percent of the institution’s investments are located within the country.
At the centre of this shift is the SDG Costing and Budgeting exercise, a government-led initiative supported by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), designed to align national spending with measurable development outcomes.
The exercise, anchored in Rwanda’s National Strategy for Transformation 2 (NST2), is changing how public and private resources are mobilised, allocated and monitored, moving beyond traditional budgeting toward results-driven financing.
{{Technical support for smarter financing
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UNDP has provided technical leadership and advisory support throughout the SDG costing process, working closely with the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning (MINECOFIN). The agency supported the development of costing methodologies, scenario modelling and the integration of SDG targets into national budget systems.
In a recent SDG Costing report, Fatmata Sesay, UNDP Rwanda Resident Representative, underscored the importance of strategic financing in achieving sustainable development outcomes.
“Right-financing is not about doing more with less. It is about doing better with what we have, structuring public funds to de-risk investment, aligning incentives to development outcomes and building the fiscal architecture to manage complexity over time,” she said.
UNDP also supported the application of global tools such as the IMF SDG Financing Tool, helping Rwanda adapt international models to local realities.
{{Aligning SDGs with Rwanda’s national priorities
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Rather than treating SDGs as a parallel agenda, the costing exercise embeds them directly into NST2 flagship programmes. Each SDG target is mapped to NST2 pillars and priority areas, ensuring they are delivered through national systems.
By integrating SDG costing into Rwanda’s Medium-Term Expenditure Framework (MTEF), MINECOFIN can now clearly see which priorities are fully funded, partially funded or unfunded. This allows policymakers to sequence interventions strategically and focus limited resources on areas with the highest development impact, including poverty reduction, job creation and climate resilience.
According to the report, Rwanda requires Rwf 63.6 trillion to implement NST2 between 2024 and 2029. Of this amount, 43 percent is expected to come from private sector investments, particularly domestic financial institutions, while the remaining 57 percent will be mobilised from public sources such as taxes, grants and concessional loans.
The largest allocations are directed to education, health, electricity, water and sanitation, and roads. The sectors are prioritised because of their central role in human capital development and economic transformation. By 2029, spending in these areas is projected to reach nearly 20 percent of GDP, up from around 10 percent in 2024.
{{Where Rwanda stands on the SDGs
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The report presents a mixed picture of Rwanda’s SDG performance. About 28 percent of targets are already achieved or on track, while 53 percent are showing limited progress. Another 19 percent of targets are regressing, highlighting areas where progress has stalled or reversed.
Rwanda has recorded notable gains in clean water access, clean energy, gender equality and climate action. However, challenges remain in job creation, institutional capacity and inclusive economic growth, signalling the need for more targeted financing and policy acceleration in these areas.
These gaps in progress are closely linked to the country’s SDG financing shortfall, now estimated at 21.3 percent of GDP, up from 15.7 percent before the COVID-19 pandemic. Closing this gap will require stronger domestic revenue mobilisation, better public spending efficiency and deeper private sector involvement.
The report makes it clear that traditional public financing alone will not be enough. Instead, Rwanda is increasingly turning to blended finance, public-private partnerships and impact-linked financing to mobilise additional capital while maintaining fiscal sustainability.
To support long-term planning, the report outlines three possible development pathways. Under the Resilience First scenario, SDGs would be achieved by 2054 if current trends continue. The Smart Sequencing scenario projects achievement by 2044 through moderate acceleration and efficiency gains. The most ambitious pathway, All-in Leap, targets SDG achievement by 2034, requiring major fiscal reforms, strong private sector mobilisation and international cooperation.
These scenarios allow policymakers to weigh ambition against fiscal risk and implementation capacity.
A major innovation introduced through the exercise is Budgeting for SDGs (B4SDG). Unlike traditional budgeting approaches that focus on institutional spending lines, B4SDG tracks how each allocation contributes to concrete development outcomes.
This enables cross-sector coordination and makes trade-offs visible, strengthening transparency and accountability. For example, investments in renewable energy simultaneously advance climate action, job creation and economic growth.
{{Crowding in the private sector
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Private sector participation is also becoming central to Rwanda’s SDG financing strategy. Through the Integrated National Financing Framework (INFF), SDG priorities are transformed into bankable projects supported by guarantees, concessional finance and results-based payments.
These instruments reduce investment risk and attract private capital into sectors such as renewable energy, agriculture, housing, MSMEs and health, helping scale development impact beyond what public funding alone can achieve.
{{Managing fiscal risks and climate resilience
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The report also flags potential fiscal risks, including rising debt service costs and contingent liabilities from public-private partnerships. To manage these risks, Rwanda is embedding SDG financing within a prudent macro-fiscal framework guided by debt sustainability thresholds and phased implementation.
Climate risk is fully integrated into investment planning. Projects are screened for resilience and aligned with green bonds and climate funds, ensuring long-term sustainability.
As Rwanda prepares for global platforms such as the Summit of the Future, the United Nations system has reaffirmed its commitment to supporting the country’s development agenda.
“As we move towards the Summit of the Future and beyond, the United Nations system in Rwanda remains fully committed to supporting the government in mobilising the right type of capital to accelerate progress towards the SDGs,” said Ozonnia Ojielo, United Nations Resident Coordinator in Rwanda.
With UNDP’s technical support and strong government ownership, Rwanda’s SDG costing exercise is emerging as a regional model for results-based development financing, demonstrating how data, partnerships and innovative finance can turn ambition into measurable impact.
Against a backdrop of growing geopolitical complexity, deepening fragmentation and rapid technological transformation, the forum has called on the international community to bridge differences through dialogue, look to the future, and work together to address major global challenges.
{{Rising global risks
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The world is currently grappling with a convergence of risks that is placing unprecedented strain on global stability and development.
The WEF’s Global Risks Report 2026, one of its flagship publications released ahead of the annual meeting, points out that geopolitical and economic risks rise in a new age of competition.
The report identifies geoeconomic confrontation as the top risk for 2026, followed by interstate conflict, extreme weather, societal polarization, misinformation and disinformation. Economic risks, it notes, are rising at the fastest pace among all risk categories in the short term.
WEF Managing Director Saadia Zahidi said the age of competition compounds global risks ranging from geoeconomic confrontation, unchecked technology to rising debt, and changes the world’s collective capacity to address them.
According to the WEF’s latest Chief Economists’ Outlook, 53 percent of chief economists expect global economic conditions to weaken in the year ahead, with concerns over potential asset valuation declines, mounting debt and geoeconomic realignment, among other factors.
This was echoed by the United Nations in its latest World Economic Situation and Prospects 2026 report. The UN projects global economic growth at 2.7 percent in 2026, slightly below the estimated 2.8 percent in 2025, citing weak investment and tight fiscal space as key drags on economic activity.
The report warns that higher tariffs combined with rising macroeconomic uncertainty will have a more pronounced impact next year, with global trade growth expected to fall to 2.2 percent in 2026, down from 3.8 percent in 2025.
In a recent interview with Xinhua, WEF President and CEO Borge Brende said, “We are most worried about major escalations of wars. That can kill global growth.” He noted that if the world can avoid such escalations, global economic growth could reach over 3 percent in 2026.
A major focus of the annual meeting will be the technological paradigm shift — from artificial intelligence (AI) and quantum computing to next-generation biotechnology and energy systems. The WEF said that these new technologies are reshaping how people live and work while creating new growth engines.
The WEF warns that while the rapid advance of AI is driving productivity gains, it also brings new risks, including social fractures fueled by rising unemployment and weakening consumer confidence.
{{Dialogue urgently needed
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Days before the meeting opened, the WEF released its Global Cooperation Barometer, which finds that global cooperation has proved resilient despite strong headwinds confronting multilateralism. Yet the report cautions that existing levels of cooperation remain inadequate to meet pressing economic, security and environmental challenges.
The report stresses that in an increasingly complex and uncertain geopolitical environment, open and constructive dialogue is critical to identifying collaborative pathways that advance shared interests.
Under the theme “A Spirit of Dialogue,” this year’s meeting reflects that urgency. Key topics include how to cooperate in a more contested world, how to unlock new sources of growth, and how to deploy innovation at scale and responsibly.
“Dialogue is not a luxury in times of uncertainty; it is an urgent necessity,” said Brende.
During the interview, he viewed dialogue as critical as it is the start of a process that can ultimately yield results capable of moving the world forward.
More dialogue is needed to change today’s growing polarization and lack of win-win outcomes, Brende added.
Larry Fink, interim co-chair of the WEF, said the forum has brought together a record number of leaders from governments, businesses and non-governmental organizations at a moment when dialogue matters more than ever.
“Understanding different perspectives is essential to driving economic progress and ensuring prosperity is more broadly shared,” he said.
Minister Nduhungirehe is leading a delegation of senior government officials at the 56th Annual Meeting of the WEF in Davos-Klosters, Switzerland, which kicked off on Monday, January 19, 2026. The officials include Minister of ICT & Innovation Paula Ingabire and Rwanda Development Board CEO Jean-Guy Afrika.
The forum, held under the theme ‘A Spirit of Dialogue’, has brought together more than 3,000 participants, including 65 heads of state and government, to discuss pressing global challenges.
“This Forum is a key global platform for engaging with policymakers and business leaders alike,” Nduhungirehe told The New Times. “It also reflects Rwanda’s practical approach to diplomacy aimed at attracting investment and positioning ourselves as a reliable global partner.”
Rwanda has been actively participating in WEF annual meetings for many years as part of its strategy to engage global policymakers and investors. President Paul Kagame has attended multiple editions, including in 2013, 2017, 2019, and 2024.
Since 2020, Rwanda has hosted WEF’s Centre for the Fourth Industrial Revolution (C4IR), which focuses on artificial intelligence, data governance, digital identity, smart cities, and other emerging technologies. The country also hosted the World Economic Forum on Africa in 2016, reinforcing its role as a hub for innovation and investment on the continent.
This week, global leaders at WEF are discussing how to cooperate in an increasingly contested world, unlock new sources of growth, invest in people, deploy innovation at scale, and build prosperity within planetary boundaries.
Minister Ingabire is slated to participate in a panel titled At the Cusp of Healthcare for All, alongside Bill Gates and Peter Sands of the Global Fund, focusing on scaling solutions to strengthen global health systems.
The annual WEF meeting remains the world’s leading marketplace of ideas, where private negotiations, informal discussions, and strategic engagements take place behind closed doors, shaping the global economic and political agenda.
A rapper and storyteller at heart, Kid’s music reflects the complexities of life, with his lyrics speaking to the everyday struggles, triumphs, and experiences of his community.
In an exclusive interview with IGIHE, Kid from Kigali, born Brian Kimonyo, takes viewers behind the scenes of his latest music video, “Yububu,” featuring soulful vocalist Mike Kayihura. The footage captures the energy, hustle, and personality fans rarely see, while Kid also opens up about life beyond the music.
Released as part of his 2025 album Stories From The Kid, “Yububu” highlights the chemistry between Kid from Kigali’s unique style and Mike Kayihura’s emotive R&B vocals. Produced by Rwandan talents G Flat and Bob Pro, the track’s polished production serves as a centrepiece for an album that explores personal themes of love, heartbreak, and the artist’s journey navigating the highs and lows of life.
{{Kid’s routine
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Kid’s day begins at home, where he unwinds with some PlayStation before delving into the creative process. It’s an intimate peek into the daily life of an artist who is just as comfortable with the controller as he is with his pen.
“When I wake up, I make sure to pray and get some fresh air. If I feel inspired, I’ll start writing or call my producer to get to work,” Kid says, offering a glimpse of his calm morning routine.
But the day is far from predictable. As Kid’s schedule fills up, he balances studio sessions, interviews, and meetings with potential brands.
“Now that I’ve finished my album, I’m not going to the studio as much. But when I was wrapping up, I was in the studio every day,” he adds.
After a busy day of content creation and brand-building, Kid heads to the basketball court to clear his mind.
“Basketball is my way to stay grounded,” he explains.
{{Music and personal life intertwined
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Despite his busy schedule, Kid still finds time to be a homebody, especially on weekends. “That’s when I can relax if I don’t have a show,” he admits.
When it comes to his music, Kid says, he always tries to remain authentic. He believes that life experiences are at the core of his creative process.
“The inspiration for my music comes from my stories and the life I live,” he explains.
His latest album, Stories From The Kid, reflects his growth as an artist and as a person.
The title of his album, Stories From The Kid, holds a special meaning for Kid from Kigali. “I want everyone from where we’re from to feel represented, like any kid from Kigali, Nyamirambo, Nyamata… anywhere,” he says.
{{“Yububu”, a song for the girls
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When it comes to creating his music videos, Kid ensures the visuals reflect the emotion of the track. For “Yububu,” he says, “I want to make it for the girls.”
Despite being three years old, Kid says he often looks to women for their take on music. “Every time I play it for girls…I feel they’re usually the ones who predict what’s good and what’s not,” he adds.
{{Real life inspirations
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Kid’s music isn’t just for entertainment; it’s a reflection of his life. From the struggles to the celebrations, his lyrics are rooted in real-world experiences.
“The tracks are from real-life experiences of heartbreak, confidence, and even moments of insecurity,” he says. His fans connect with his authenticity, as they can relate to the stories he tells. In fact, Kid believes that releasing an album allows fans to understand him on a deeper level.
“It’s way more. Because people can listen to a single, they’re like, ‘Ah, this guy’s good.’ You can drop another single, they’re like, ‘He’s good.’ But when you do a project, they get to understand you at a different level because you’re giving them different sides of yourself,” he explains.
One of Kid’s standout tracks, “Late Nights,” encapsulates this raw honesty. “It’s the only song in Rwanda telling people to go home,” he says. “Usually, everyone is telling you to go out, party, and stay out late. But I’m saying, go home and sleep. Kigali isn’t for the weak.”
{{The journey ahead
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Now in his mid 20s, Kid has gained significant attention, with his music now reaching fans beyond Rwanda.
“Everything in music or in life is a journey. You have to stay patient… I stayed patient enough to get to the level where the things that I wrote are coming to life,” he reflects.
Although his visibility is growing and his streams are increasing, Kid remains humble about his progress.
“I still have a long way to go,” he says, acknowledging that the journey is far from over, with plenty of milestones yet to come.
For anyone starting out, Kid urges them to stay true to themselves and pursue their music with passion, even when the journey feels scary.
In a statement released on January 18, 2026, family representative Gabriel Bienvenu Baonoku Nangaa, currently exiled in Paris, said the repression against the family began in late 2023. This coincided with the creation of the AFC by the former head of the DRC electoral commission and its subsequent coalition with M23 rebel forces. Since then, Bienvenu revealed, family members have increasingly been targeted with arrests, detentions, and legal restrictions without due process.
“The arbitrary arrests, threats, and intimidation aimed at subjecting all members of the Nangaa family to fear and terror have become common,” the statement said.
The most recent case cited is that of Didier Ilaani Nangaa, who has been held for more than ten days in detention centers of the National Intelligence Agency (ANR) in Isiro, in Haut-Uele Province. According to the family, his detention is not supported by legally valid charges and has taken place outside any regular judicial framework.
The family says this incident is part of a broader pattern. In January 2024, it addressed an open letter to President Félix Antoine Tshisekedi Tshilombo to denounce what it described as persecution, repression, and the targeting of individuals without cause. Rather than improving, the family claims the situation has since worsened.
According to the communiqué, several members of the Nangaa family have been detained in prisons as well as in facilities run by the ANR and the military intelligence service, DEMIAP. The family alleges that four of its members have been sentenced to death since July 2024. Others are said to have been forced into exile, while some remain under movement restrictions, particularly in and around the city of Isiro.
The statement also describes repeated house searches, threats, and intimidation, alleging that security forces have carried out illegal and recurrent operations, including the invasion of family homes.
The accusations come against the backdrop of ongoing conflict and political instability in eastern DRC, where the AFC/M23 rebel alliance has seized large areas of territory, including the cities of Goma and Bukavu. The rebels say they are fighting against poor governance and for the rights of Kinyarwanda-speaking communities.
In its communiqué, the Nangaa family called on the international community, human rights organisations, and Congolese authorities to take urgent measures to end what it describes as persecution and to ensure the protection of its members’ fundamental rights.
The family is demanding the immediate and unconditional release of Didier Ilaani Nangaa and all other relatives, it says, who are being held arbitrarily.
The disaster occurred late Sunday evening when an Iryo high-speed train bound for Madrid from Málaga derailed and crossed onto the track of an oncoming Renfe-operated train heading toward Huelva. The impact pushed the second train off the rails and down an embankment, causing severe damage to the front carriages of both trains.
Spanish authorities confirmed that around 400 passengers were aboard both trains at the time of the collision. At least 75 people were taken to hospitals, and 15 of them were reported in serious condition, according to the chief of the regional government of Andalusia. Officials also warned that the death toll could rise as rescue teams continue to work at the scene.
Video shared on social media showed rescue workers pulling passengers from twisted carriages under floodlights, with some survivors climbing out of shattered windows. One passenger described a terrifying sequence of events, noting the sudden shift and loud noise as the first train left the tracks.
The cause of the crash is still under investigation. Spain’s transport minister, Oscar Puente, said it was “really strange” that a derailment could occur on a straight section of track that had been recently refurbished, and added that investigators were looking into all possible factors.
Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez expressed deep sorrow over the accident, calling it a “night of deep pain” for the country. Leaders from across Spain, including members of the royal family, have extended their condolences to the victims and their families.
Emergency services, including fire and medical teams, are continuing search and rescue efforts, while rail operator ADIF announced that high-speed rail services between Madrid and Andalusia will remain suspended as recovery operations proceed.
This incident marks one of the deadliest rail accidents in Spain in recent years and has raised urgent questions about railway safety and emergency preparedness on the country’s high-speed network.
Thousands of Congolese civilians fled to Burundi following fighting in South Kivu Province between the AFC/M23 coalition and an alliance comprising the Congolese armed forces (FARDC), Wazalendo militias, Burundian troops, and the FDLR.
Although security has reportedly improved in parts of Uvira city, some refugees attempted to return home. However, Burundian authorities closed the border, preventing their return.
Living conditions for refugees in Burundi have continued to deteriorate. Reports indicate that several people have died due to diseases linked to poor sanitation in overcrowded camps.
Speaking in an interview with journalist Hariana Verás Victória, who is known to be close to DRC authorities and their allies, President Ndayishimiye said the Congolese government should assume responsibility for assisting its displaced citizens.
He noted that while some refugees are being hosted by Burundian families, others without relatives have been settled in refugee camps. Ndayishimiye also criticised the UN refugee agency, saying it has failed to provide adequate assistance to Congolese refugees, and urged President Félix Tshisekedi’s government to intervene.
“I call on the DRC government to find ways to help these people,” Ndayishimiye said. “I do not consider them refugees in the strict sense, but people who moved from one place to another because they were fleeing an enemy that attacked the DRC, not the Congolese government.”
He added that because the displaced civilians did not flee their own government, the DRC remains responsible for their welfare wherever they may be. “They are not enemies of the state. That is why they should be treated as internally displaced people who crossed from one area to another,” he said.
Ndayishimiye further suggested that the DRC could mobilise international partners to support humanitarian operations, stressing that Burundi does not have sufficient resources to manage the crisis alone.
“As Burundi, we are encouraging our citizens to assist these refugees, but the situation is extremely difficult,” he said. “We simply do not have the capacity to fully support them, even though cooperation is necessary.”
In early December 2025, Burundi received more than 100,000 Congolese refugees fleeing fighting in the Ruzizi Plain. They joined tens of thousands of others who had already been living in the country for an extended period.
New arrivals were initially placed in temporary camps near the border and have repeatedly appealed to Burundian authorities to allow them to return home, citing dire living conditions and rising deaths in the camps.
The Burundian government has rejected these requests and instead begun relocating refugees to camps farther from the border, including the Busuma camp in the former Ruyigi Province. Refugees relocated there report equally harsh conditions and have staged protests demanding permission to return to the DRC.
