Author: Théophile Niyitegeka

Somaliland agrees to UAE military base in Berbera

{MPs in the self-declared republic of Somaliland have agreed to allow the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to set up a military base in the port of Berbera.}

Observers say the deal has proved controversial among Somaliland’s neighbours in the Horn of Africa.

The UAE already has a military facility at Eritrea’s Assab port for use in a campaign against Yemeni rebels.

It is part of a coalition that has fought Houthi rebels and imposed a naval blockade on Yemen since 2015.

More than 10,000 people have been killed and 40,000 wounded since then, according to the UN.

Somaliland’s President Ahmed Mohamed Silanyo told MPs the military base would help create jobs, the Associated Press agency reports.

During the parliamentary vote, 144 legislators supported the military base, two voted against, two abstained – and nine others who opposed the plan and shouted in the chamber were escorted out by soldiers.

Last year, Somaliland, which declared itself independent from the rest of Somalia in 1991, signed a $442m (£353m) deal for a Dubai-based firm to upgrade the port of Berbera, which mainly exports livestock to the Middle East.

Why Somaliland? By Tomi Oladipo, BBC Monitoring Africa security correspondent
The Horn of Africa is strategic for Gulf nations because of ongoing military operations in Yemen and in the long term to protect their shipping interests in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.

Djibouti has been the regional hub for foreign military bases, but now faces competition from its next-door neighbour.

In Somaliland, the UAE has an alternative and less controversial location for a military base than Eritrea, which is under UN sanctions.

The Emiratis will also provide much-needed training and equipment for Somaliland forces. The threat posed by militant Islamist group al-Shabab in Somalia has been largely kept at bay in the breakaway region – having a stronger local force backed by an international partner will shore up this stability.

Its port in Berbera is not solely for military use. Its expansion could provide Somaliland with more robust economic opportunities, particularly targeting its landlocked neighbour Ethiopia.

But as Somaliland is not internationally recognised, the authorities will need to be wary of any legal complications that could arise, given the UN-backed government of Somalia was not party to the base or expansion of Berbera.

Yemen, across the Gulf of Aden from Somaliland, spiralled into civil war in 2014 when Houthi rebels overran the capital.

The Saudi-led coalition has since deployed warships in the Red Sea and Gulf of Aden.
It says the naval operation is to stop the Houthis receiving weapons from Iran, which backs the rebels but denies providing military support.

Source:BBC

February 14, 2017
UN expert calls on Cameroon to restore net services

{A UN expert has called on Cameroon to restore net access to English-speaking parts of the country.}

Net services in the south-west and north-west regions of the nation were cut on 17 January.

Cutting net services was an “appalling violation” of the right to freedom of expression, said UN special rapporteur David Kaye.

He said the widespread net shutdown also broke international law and he called for links to be restored.

{{Stifled protest}}

“I am particularly concerned at the tightening of the space for free speech at a time when its promotion and protection should be of the utmost importance,” said Mr Kaye, an independent expert who advises the UN about attacks on free speech.

“A network shutdown of this scale violates international law – it not only suppresses public debate, but also deprives Cameroonians of access to essential services and basic resources,” he said.

In 2015, the UN issued a joint declaration which stated that net shutdowns were never justified under human rights law.

Mr Kaye said he and the UN were closely monitoring the situation in Cameroon.
The Cameroon government has not explained why the two regions have been cut off. However, many believe officials took the step to tackle anti-government sentiment there.

Protests have been staged by people living in the English-speaking regions who claim they are being marginalised by recent government policies. Cameroon has two official languages – French and English – but most government and court proceedings are conducted in French.

The shutdown has also hit Cameroon’s digital industries, many of which are based around “silicon mountain” near Buea – the south-west’s regional capital.

And it has forced 17 year-old coding champion Nji Collins Gbah to move to the capital Yaounde from his home in the north-west town of Bamenda. Net access in Yaounde has not been cut off.

Mr Gbah is the first African winner of Google’s annual coding competition that is open to pre-university students worldwide between the ages of 13 and 17. More than 1,300 young people from 62 countries took part in the latest competition.

Source:BBC

February 14, 2017
Tanzania tourist guide charged over ‘twisted translation’

{A Tanzanian tourist guide has been charged in court with breaching cybercrime legislation after he wrongly translated a tourist’s comments in a video he put on Facebook.}

Saimon Sirikwa was not asked to plead and was remanded in police custody.

A second video selfie of him and the tourist has emerged in which they say they were joking in the original one.

He was arrested last week for casting the tourism ministry in a “bad light”, police said.

Mr Sirikwa works for the world famous state-run Serengeti National Park in northern Tanzania.

In the original video posted on Facebook last Monday, he says in Swahili that the tourist wants Tanzanians to stop “complaining” about hunger.

She, in fact, says Tanzanians are “fabulously wonderful”.

Mr Sirikwa was arrested despite the fact that he had posted another video, saying he had been misunderstood.

“I cannot tolerate any bad talk against my country. Whoever downloaded the video from my Facebook account then shared it on WhatsApp groups did not do the right thing,” he said in Swahili.

“The video was just a comedy. It was for fun, and I know there are people who are offended by this video. It was not my intention to hurt anyone. I apologise to my fans and followers. Continue receiving entertainment, but just note my offensive jokes were misunderstood. Thank you,” he added.

The woman, who also appears in the video, says: “Hi again, Part two of our video. We were just playing around. Saimon was being a comedian and we were doing a little joke on Facebook.”

Mr Sirikwa goes by the nickname Pondamali, loosely translated from Swahili as “relax and spend your money”, reports the BBC’s Leonard Mubali from the main city, Dar es Salaam.

He is known for his humorous videos, but many Tanzanians feel he went too far by giving a completely wrong translation of the unnamed tourist’s compliments, our reporter adds.

Tanzania markets itself as “The Soul of Africa”, and is popular with tourists because of its wildlife and spectacular scenery.

Mr Sirikwa appeared in court in the northern city of Musoma, following his arrest on the orders of Tourism Minister Jumanne Maghembe.

Regional police commander Jaffari Mohammed told the BBC that there was enough evidence to prove that he had violated cybercrime legislation by putting up the video.

The controversial law allows for a minimum fine of about $1,300 (£1,000) and a minimum jail term of three months for publishing false, deceptive or misleading information on a computer system.

The law was introduced in 2015, despite complaints by politicians, social media experts and human rights activists that it gave the police “too much power” without adequate oversight.

Some of the guide’s words were similar to those used by President John Magufuli, when he called on people at a rally last month to stop complaining about hunger, correspondents say.

In excerpts of the original video, the conversation goes:

Tourist: “Hi. My visit to Tanzania has been beautiful, gorgeous. The people are fabulously wonderful and friendly. Greetings are always jambo [the Swahili equivalent of Hello]. Happy to be here. The land is beautiful, beautiful. The animals are wonderful.”

Guide (translating): “You Tanzanians complain/cry a lot about hunger. Everyday you cry about hunger when you have flowers at home. Why don’t you boil the flowers and drink [them]. It is not good to cry/complain about hunger.”

Tourist: “The variety of animals and people you see is incredible, unlike anywhere else. It is just fabulous.”

Guide: “You are asking your president to cook for you. Do you think your president is a cook? Can you get busy, even boil your clothing and eat.”

Tourist: “It will be an experience to savour for all of your life. It is fantastic and beautiful and incredible and just unremarkable.”

Guide: “Get busy in every corner of the country. The president can’t leave State House to cook for you. You have to cook for yourselves.”

Source:BBC

February 14, 2017
The real and imagined crimes of Gambia’s Yahya Jammeh

{The Gambia’s former president Yahya Jammeh wielded a potent mix of brute force and mysticism to keep citizens in a permanent state of fear, a legacy that lingers.}

Whether a poor farmer or government minister, nobody could feel safe during Jammeh’s 22-year rule.

Now, weeks after the paranoid autocrat was chased from power in the tiny nation almost entirely surrounded by Senegal, voices are being raised to demand justice, but the hurdles are many.

They include pervasive superstition — including beliefs that Jammeh had supernatural powers — which for many citizens has blurred the lines between truth and fiction.

Jammeh’s aura “made people scared of him, so people did exactly what he told them to do,” said Fabakary Ceesay, a journalist who went into exile after reporting on forced disappearances and rights abuses.

Wild stories abounded during Jammeh’s tenure.

Back in 2009, AFP spoke to victims of the poisoning of a thousand villagers with a herbal concoction so powerful that several died, after Jammeh alleged they had used witchcraft against his aunt. Some of them reported being raped.

“People die in custody or during interrogations, it’s really common,” Jammeh told the magazine Jeune Afrique in May 2016 after the death of an opposition activist, Solo Sandeng, whom some allege was fed to his crocodiles.

{{Violent supporters }}

Jammeh faced down several coup attempts after he seized power in 1994. They fuelled his paranoia and by extension that of his people.

As a result, in the later years of his rule he came to rely ever more on a close circle of fanatically violent supporters.

His death squad, known as the Junglers, and the secret police of the National Intelligence Agency who reported directly to him, helped sow fear.

The Junglers carried out “arbitrary arrests, detention, torture, enforced disappearances and extrajudicial killings,” the UN special rapporteur on torture wrote in a 2015 report.

{{Unlawful detention }}

Buba Sanyang, a prominent supporter of Jammeh’s Alliance for Patriotic Reorientation and Construction party, was among those arrested.

“The last time I set my eyes on him was in April 2006 before I left the village,” his son Musa Sanyang said.

Relatives at Serrekunda in Greater Banjul told Sanyang his father had been picked up by army officers and no reason was given for his detention.

“We have searched for him everywhere, but the government continued insisting that he is not in their custody,” he said, calling on the new administration to deliver the answers his family has wanted for so long.

{{Spiritualist practices }}

But Jammeh also harnessed centuries-old beliefs, surrounding himself with “marabouts” — respected religious figures who combine Islam with spiritualist practices.

After whipping up rallies into a frenzy, Jammeh would sometimes “heal” a young woman who had fainted nearby.

In 2007, he declared he could cure HIV with herbal mixtures, later adding infertility and asthma to his list.

Critics also blamed his alleged powers when terrible things happened.

{{Guinean witchdoctors }}

In January, the young son of newly elected president Adama Barrow died of dog bites, shortly after Barrow fled the country for his own safety while Jammeh reversed his acceptance of defeat at the polls.

The dog was finally put down, but by then the suspicion of involvement by Jammeh or powerful Guinean witchdoctors he frequented had sent Banjul’s rumour mill into a frenzy.

Before leaving for exile in Equatorial Guinea, Jammeh had a witchdoctor visit the presidential palace, Senegalese media reported.

Rumours brewed that poisonous gas cylinders were left in vents. Though these have been quashed, Barrow is still running the country from a luxury hotel, his spokesman has confirmed.

{{Rejoin ICC}}

Bill Roberts, a US-based professor of anthropology, said that whatever people truly believed, fear led to a credulous public reaction.

“I think there was a lot of scepticism among educated Gambians about Jammeh’s claims to heal people, but that scepticism could not be voiced publicly,” Roberts told AFP by email.

“Other people believed him I think in part out of desperation for a ‘cure’ if they were afflicted, or fear of death from a disease they did not understand,” he added.

Real or imagined, Jammeh’s abuses have fuelled desire for him to be held accountable.

Barrow has promised to establish a Truth and Reconciliation Commission, but also said The Gambia will rejoin the International Criminal Court after Jammeh pulled the country out last year.

{{Keep possessions }}

Some were angry when the UN and African political bodies stated that Jammeh would be treated with respect, allowed to return to The Gambia at any time and to keep “lawfully acquired” possessions.

Since then, General Bora Colley, the head of a Gambian military commando unit, has been arrested in Senegal, and experts believe the government still has plenty of leeway to prosecute crimes such as torture, for which there is no amnesty in international law.

“Jammeh could be prosecuted in Gambia, in another country or before an international court,” Reed Brody, a lawyer instrumental in the prosecution of Chadian dictator Hissene Habre, told AFP.

Source:AFP

February 14, 2017
Uganda, DR Congo to host crisis talks over rebels

{The resurgence of “negative elements” in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), among them the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) rebels, poses a “danger” to Uganda’s security, the army has warned.}

Gen David Muhoozi, the new Chief of Defence Forces, said: “ADF and some other negative forces are still alive in DRC and are an issue of concern”.

“They are potentially dangerous to the security of Uganda which [the new UPDF 2nd Division Commander Brig Paul Lokech] knows very well that [he] will need to solve, most especially [the] many negative forces still at large in DRC,” he added.

Gen Muhoozi made the comments at the weekend as the new UPDF Land Forces Commander Maj Gen Peter Elwelu handed over his former office, as UPDF 2nd Division commander, to Brig Lokech.

Gen Muhoozi did not provide specifics of the threat posed by the ADF whose capacity the Ugandan military said had been degraded after the Congolese army three years ago overran the rebels’ headquarters.

In February 2014, DRC leader Joseph Kabila telephoned President Museveni to convey news of the expulsion of ADF upon which, according to a State House statement issued at the time, Mr Museveni “thanked and praised” the successful operation.

There has, until now, been no mention by Uganda’s security of ADF re-grouping in eastern DRC after Tanzania in April 2015 arrested its leader Jamil Mukulu who was extradited and is now facing prosecution in Uganda on multiple murder and terrorism charges. The DRC convicted him in absentia of similar charges and sentenced him to death in late 2014; three years after the United Nations placed him on its sanctions list.

The latest Uganda army warnings about renewed ADF activity come in the wake of diplomatic friction between Kinshasa and Kampala. Kinshasa accuses Kampala of aiding M23 rebels, whose military commander Sultan Makenga, mysteriously vanished from a round-the-clock UPDF watch in Uganda.

Before a UN-backed regional offensive involving the South African army pounded the M23 out of eastern Congo, where they had captured the important Goma city, Kabila’s government had accused Uganda and Rwanda of providing financial and logistical support to the rebels. The two countries denied the allegations.

In an interview yesterday, Uganda’s Defence and Military spokesman Brig Richard Karemire said the “fluid security situation” in eastern DRC is a concern to the region. As such, he said, a Joint Follow-up Mechanism has been mooted under the aegis of the 12-member International Conference on the Great Lakes Region (ICGLR) to enable sharing of intelligence and logistics in ending instability with cross-border ramification.

“Uganda will provide the leadership and host it in Kasese District …the launch will be on Saturday,” he said.

Gen Muhoozi, in apparent reference to Kinshasa’s allegations, had at the weekend said Uganda would never support belligerent forces to destabilise a neighbouring country.He tasked Brig Lokech to ensure the soldiers under him keep western Uganda, which has hundreds of kilometres straddling the vast DRC border, safe for uninterrupted commerce.

{{The rebels}}

Hundreds of the defeated M23 rebels were taken in by Uganda, as a temporary measure, pending their repatriation to DRC upon Kabila’s government fulfilling terms of the Nairobi pact. That plan stalled and M23 military commander Makenga disappeared mid last month before the UPDF, days later, announced that it had intercepted truckloads of the insurgents in Mbarara District headed to their former lairs in eastern DRC.

Source:Daily Monitor

February 14, 2017
Ex-Kenyan footballer Anwar Mwok, among Shabaab fighters killed in Kulbiywo

{A former footballer on a police list of most wanted terrorists was among Al-Shabaab fighters killed in battle with Kenyan troops in Somalia last month.}

Anwar Yogan Mwok, who played for Mathare United, was killed as he rode in a truck laden with explosives at the Kulbiyow Kenya Defence Forces camp on January 27.

Two other Kenyans – Ramadhan Kufungwa and Erick Achayo Ogada – also took part in the raid and it is believed they were injured in the fighting.

Security agencies have warned that the two may be sneaked back to Kenya for treatment.

Police had last year offered Sh2 million to anyone with information that would help in their arrest.

{{‘Terrorist fugitives’}}

A dispatch shared among security agencies and seen by the Nation said: “Information from Kulbiyow Somali has revealed the direct involvement of Kenyan terrorist fugitives some of [on] whom the government has placed a bounty of Ksh 2 million.

“They included Anwar Yogan Mwok, Anwar Yogan was in one of the lead Vehicle Borne Improvised Explosive Device VBIED that targeted the KDF camp. He was killed by the heavy artillery fired by the KDF and died instantly.

“Ramadhan Kungwa and Erick Achayo who were among the Al Shabaab infantry suffered serious injuries and reliable sources have indicated that their Kenyan associates and family members are trying to sneak them into the country for medical care.”

Mwok, 36, was born in Siaya County.

He lived in Umoja Estate with his family until 2013, when he left for Somalia to join Al-Shabaab.

In Somalia, he joined Jaysh Ayman, a group of largely Kenyan Al-Shabaab fighters who plan and execute attacks against innocent Kenyans within the country.

Mwok owns a “significant amount of properties within Umoja area in Nairobi, proceeds from which Police has indicated has been financing his terror activities targeting Kenya,” the document adds.

He also linked to the recruitment of young people into Al-Shabaab.

{{Mpeketoni attack link }}

Mwok was linked to the Mpeketoni terrorist attack in June 2014 and the raid at Baure military camp, Lamu, in June 2015.

The other suspect, Kufungwa, 50, was born in the Kibundani area of Ukunda, Kwale County.

He attended Bongwe Primary School before enrolling for religious studies at Ijtihaad Madrassa and Maganyakulo Madrasatul Tawheed Islaamiya.

“In 2011 he is believed to have travelled to Somalia where he stayed for four months. He returned to Kenya and was among students of slain clerics Aboud Rogo and Abubakar Shariff aka Makaburi,” the report says.

It added: “Before going back to Somalia in 2013, Ramadhan Kafungwa used to conduct radical teachings at Musa and Sakina mosques in Mombasa. Together with Abdifatah Abubakar Ahmed and Ahmed Iman Ali are the leading individuals in Al-Shabaab responsible for continued disappearance of Kenyan Youth who end up in the frontline of the Al Shabaab attacks on Kenyan interests and facilities.”

Source:Daily Nation

February 14, 2017
EALA hails ‘sterling’ Magufuli leadership

{East African Legislative Assembly (EALA) Speaker, Mr Daniel Kidega, has commended President John Magufuli for his sterling development- oriented leadership.}

According to a media statement from the Directorate of Presidential Communications, Mr Kidega has called on Tanzanians and other people in the East African region to support the president whose leadership style remains exemplary.

The regional assembly speaker made the remarks in Dar es Salaam yesterday shortly after holding talks with the head of state on various issues including cementing relationship among countries in the bloc.

“Tanzanians and people in East Africa are lucky to get such a powerful and exemplary leader. Magufuli leads us in a way that we are on the right track to achieve rapid development and record reforms, I urge all Tanzanians and other people in the region to support him,” he noted.

In another development, President Magufuli yesterday met British High Commissioner to Tanzania, Ms Sarah Cooke. The two leaders discussed how their countries can strengthen cooperation in investment, aviation sector, revenue collections and war against narcotics.

Dr Magufuli thanked the diplomat and assured her of continued cooperation. He showed gratitude to the UK government for increasing funding for various development projects in the country.

Meanwhile, President Magufuli yesterday met International Monetary Fund (IMF) Resident Representative in Tanzania, Mr Bhaswar Mukhopadhyay. They held talks on a range of development activities being implemented in the country between the government and the global monetary organisation.

Mr Mukhopadhyay commended president Magufuli for efforts he has so far taken to improve country’s economy. Dr Magufuli also met East African Community (EAC) Secretary- General Liberat Mfumukeko and held talks on various issues.

Source:Daily News

February 14, 2017
Glencore to buy Gertler out of its DRC copper and cobalt mines

{Deal confirms Swiss company is back on acquisition trail after cutting debts.}

Glencore on Monday announced a $960m deal to buy Israeli billionaire Dan Gertler out of two of the mining-cum-trading company’s copper and cobalt operations in the Democratic Republic of Congo.

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The deal is another sign that Ivan Glasenberg, Glencore chief executive, is back on the acquisition trail after two years spent strengthening the company’s balance sheet during the commodity slump.

Glencore will buy Mr Gertler’s 31 per cent stake in Mutanda Mining and his 10 per cent shareholding in Katanga Mining, both of which are held through his Fleurette group.

Mr Gertler’s stake in Mutanda is valued at $922m, while his shareholding in Katanga is worth $38m, according to a statement by Fleurette. Glencore is set to pay $534m to Fleurette in cash for the equity, after deducting debts owed by Mr Gertler’s group and its affiliates to the Swiss company.

After the deal, Glencore will have a 100 per cent interest in Mutanda, and 86 per cent of Katanga.

Mr Gertler said on Monday that his investments in the Mutanda and Katanga mines had “generated $3bn in tax revenues since our investment — a significant contribution to the DRC economy”.

“With [Mutanda] now operating at full capacity, we feel now is the right time to exit our investment and to reinvest in further brown and greenfield opportunities,” he added.

Analysts said that Glencore’s move to buy out Mr Gertler from the two DRC mines would lead to only a marginal increase in its net debt, which would remain below 2 times earnings — the company’s self imposed target.

Glencore has invested heavily to transform Mutanda into a large copper producing mine.

It has been hailed by analysts as one of the Glencore’s most attractive copper assets even though it is in the DRC, where there have been anti-government demonstrations in recent months.

Analysts and fund managers said they were not surprised that Glencore was severing ties with Mr Gertler in the DRC, given impending political change.

President Joseph Kabila, who has close ties with Mr Gertler, said last year that he would step down in 2017.

“Glencore doesn’t want to be too closely associated with the old regime, so is moving to distance itself,” said one fund manager.

Many of the world’s biggest mining companies are keen to increase their exposure to copper because supply shortages are expected to emerge before the end of the decade.

The metal hit a two-year high above $6,200 this month.

Source:Financial Times

February 14, 2017
Burundi:Radio Rema and Isanganiro threatened by financial challenges, says Minister of Information

{Two media outlets operating in Burundi are facing enormous financial challenges. Radio Rema and Isanganiro, which were destroyed in 2015 during the coup attempt, are experiencing serious technical and financial difficulties, according to the Minister of Information.}

On 10 February, Minister of Information Nestor Bankumukunzi paid a visit to six Burundi media outlets, including the Iwacu Press Group, National Radio and Television, Ubumwe and Renouveau Newspapers, Radio Isanganiro and Rema.

The objective of this visit was to look at current media situation: the facilities and the difficulties they encounter.

Bankumukunzi says that the media working in Burundi are facing enormous financial difficulties in general, but that Radio Isanganiro and Rema, which were attacked during the coup attempt of 13 May 2015, are experiencing serious technical difficulties. Both media resumed broadcasting on 19 February 2016.

The director of Radio Rema FM Claude Nkurunziza says that after the attackof the radio, they could not get back their destroyed equipment. «We are now forced to only cover political events in the capital Bujumbura only because of the lack of financial and technical means,” Ndayishimiye says.

Since the reopening of the radio, they have not imported any hardware. “We are using equipment purchased on the local market that is not suitable for broadcasting.

We have had to bring a transmitter that was installed in the country in order to be able to transmit from Bujumbura,” he says. So, there is a part of the population that cannot have access to information.

We have problems with both high and low frequencies as well as with the computer, he says. He asks the partners that worked with the media to support them.

“They have resumed broadcasting, but they still have difficulty reaching the level at which they were in 2015,” said Minister of Information.

A day after the failed coup attempt of 13th May 2015, four radio stations, namely Radio Publique Africaine (RPA), Radio Sans Frontere Bonesha (RSF), Radio Isanganiro, and one most widely watched private television channel Renaissance TV were destroyed, reportedly by policemen and military loyal to president Pierre Nkurunziza. They were accused of supporting the protests against President Pierre Nkurunziza’s bid to run for a third term in office. Rema FM which was known to be pro-ruling party was also destroyed.

Source:Iwacu

February 14, 2017
As you celebrate this Valentine’s

{Every year, February 14 is set aside for people to celebrate love and care to those around them. It’s a day marked in honor of St. Valentine; a man who devoted his days and life to caring for the needy and less privileged. That is the original meaning behind February 14. But today, I’m not sure that meaning still holds value to a lot of people. February 14, to most people, is a special day to celebrate their love life, as well as their partner. It’s a day most people feel the need to spoil their lover or spouse, far above anyone else and any other day. People no longer see the need to reach out to other people around them, especially the poor. It’s not supposed to be that way.}

I have nothing against showing your partner care and special affection on that day; however, it’s also important to remember the needy around you. There are loads of people who you can affect their lives this season, with the little you have, it doesn’t have to be too big.

All I’m asking is that you make a difference in someone’s life. You show your partner love every day; I’m sure it wouldn’t hurt to just think about the less privileged and needy this Valentine’s. It is the reason for the season, give it true meaning, and be the positive change someone needs in their life this Valentine’s.

Source:Elcrema

February 14, 2017